Module 1- GATHERING AND PROCESSING INFORMATION Flashcards
Summarise
own words
highlight main ideas
re-read
draft
formulate the theme thesis statement or main idea
state it logically, keep technical importnat vocab but in your own words
SUMMARISE, don’t quote or paraphrase
the summary essentially especially if there’s several paragraphs is the main idea of each one combined
Author’s purpose
essentially the author’s intentions. IDENTIFY IT.
look for overt statemnts, usually at the beginning/intro
look at the source of the extract, it’s an article from an editorial, it is normally to persuade the reader!!
Analyse the excerpt
does intend to
change opinion
inform
entertain
evoke immagination
does the writer use
sarcasm
humour
facts
statistics
quotes
emotional words
topic sentences
central theme, thesis, main idea, author’s position or pov
MAIN POINT OR IDEA IS THE TOPIC SENTENCE
can be at the bottom or top..look for the most general statement
The module 1 essay will assess the following:
The writer’s main idea (usually a word limit of 30 words)
The writer’s purpose
Organizational strategies and/or language techniques
Reliability and validity
Applicability to a caribbean context
MAIN IDEA/TOPIC SENTENCE
** E.g The main idea is about…
NOUN ALWAYS**
The main idea is the most central or important statement / message that a writer makes about a specific passage. It is ALWAYS a noun.
writer’s prupose is awlays a
VERB
TO INFORM
TO PERSUADE
The writer’s purpose refers to what the writer hopes to achieve through the passage and is linked to the main idea. It is ALWAYS a verb. E.g the writer’s purpose is to…educate, persuade, highlight, relay, convince, inform, entertain.
process of research
- determine specific topic of research
- collect info from relevant identifed sources
- evaluate sources
- cite them
bias vs psychological persuasion
bias
* more individual, personal, self/special interest, you feel threatened, can’t assume neutrality
psychological persuasion
* local or international issues, fallacies, flawed arguements, SENSATIONAL headlines, gory details, audio of victim or prepetrator
tone
attitude of author
sad, happy
mood
emotional perspective of the author, atmosphere
hopeful, calm
argumentative writing
- evidence
* emotional appeal
analogy
repetition
rhetorical questions
strong language
counterarguments
expository
explain
inform
describe
present
classify
cause and effect
compare
ethnographics
study of behaviour of groups, socities and cultures
types of sources
- primary- orginal
secondary- not there in person, analysations, interpretations, opinions, movies
tertiary- internet, tools, so bibliographies, index, appendices, guidebooks
deductive vs inductive reasoning
**In deductive reasoning, if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true. In inductive reasoning, the conclusion is likely to be true based on the evidence, but not guaranteed. **
Deductive reasoning starts with a known fact or theory, while inductive reasoning starts with observations or data.
Deductive: “All dogs have four legs. Fido is a dog. Therefore, Fido has four legs.”
Inductive: “Every time I eat ice cream before bed, I have a bad dream. Therefore, eating ice cream before bed might cause bad dreams.”
Deductive reasoning moves from general principles to specific conclusions, while inductive reasoning moves from specific observations to broader generalizations
organisational strategies
things to do with the structure of piece
language techniques
mainly refer to literary devices e.g. conversational tone
reliability vs validity of sources
When evaluating sources, reliability focuses on the consistency and trustworthiness of the source itself, while validity focuses on the accuracy and appropriateness of the information presented by the source for a specific purpose
In research and measurement, reliability refers to the consistency of a measure (producing similar results under the same conditions), while validity refers to the accuracy of a measure (whether it measures what it’s supposed to).
