Module 1: Community Health Nursing and Models of Health

Question 1

Explain the role of government and other organizations such as World Health Organization as it relates to health promotion

Federal

Answer 1

The Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) was established in 2004 to strengthen public health in the country as a response to the SARS crisis
- The PHAC concentrates the resources necessary to advance public health nationally and internationally

Question 2

Explain the role of government and other organizations such as World Health Organization as it relates to health promotion

Provinces and territories

Answer 2

also have plans and committees to deal with disease prevention and health promotion
- While there are differences in organization and delivery, each province and territory provide Primary Health Care, Public Health and Home Care Services

Question 3

Primary health

Answer 3

health care is defined as accessible, acceptable, affordable healthcare and encompasses the determinants of health and their influence on health and well-being (WHO, 1978)

Question 4

Public health

Answer 4

augments Medicare by ensuring that health promotion, illness and injury prevention, and health protection services are among the essential health services that are “universally accessible to individuals and families” (WHO, 1978)

Question 5

Home care

Answer 5

is defined as “a wide range of health services delivered at home and throughout the community to recovering, disabled, chronically, or terminally ill persons in need of medical, nursing, social, or therapeutic treatment and/or assistance with the essential activities of daily living” (Health Canada, 2010)

Question 6

Describe the health promotion strategies identified in the Ottawa Charter and discuss how each strategy shapes community nursing practice

Answer 6

1. Build healthy public policy: health must be on the agenda of policy makers across all sectors and levels of society – not just the health sector.
2. Create supportive environments for health: the way that society is organized (e.g., living and working conditions) must be addressed, as health cannot be separated from other goals.
3. Strengthen community action: at the heart of this action strategy is community empowerment – for communities to have a greater sense of ownership and control over their own endeavours and destinies. Community development is an important component of this strategy.
4. Develop personal skills: enhancing people’s life skills enables them to exercise more control over their own health. Education and institutional action are required.
5. Reorient health services toward preventing diseases and promoting health: the responsibility for health promotion in health services is one that is shared by all citizens; we must work together toward creating a healthcare system that contributes to the pursuit of health

Question 7

2002- Romanow Commission on the future of health care

Answer 7

recommended shifting policy towards primary health care, home health care and health promotion with nurses being the key players in this transformation of the systems and services.

Question 8

Canada Health Act

Answer 8

Provinces must meet certain criteria to receive federal transfer payments. These criteria require universal coverage of all insured services.

Question 9

Insured health services

Answer 9

hospital, physician and SURGICAL dental services provided to insured persons. (Alberta Health Care Card). Universal coverage unless provided by other insurance programs.

• Private insurance companies have to pay out of pocket to cover those expenses.

Question 10

Explore the relationship of funding models to delivery and scope of community health service

Answer 10

Gross Domestic Product (GDP): total monetary value of goods and services produced in economy during a monetary period. With the aging population, spending will go up but revenue will remain the same/drop.