Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy & Physiology > Module 1 (Chemistry) > Flashcards

Module 1 (Chemistry) Flashcards

1
Q

solute particles are very tiny, do not settle out or scatter light. (ex. IV soution, mineral water)

A

Solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

solute particles are larger than in a solution and scatter light; do not settle out;

A

Colloid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

solute are very large, settle out, and may scatter light.

A

Suspension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

example of suspension?

A

centrifuged blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

a concentration measurement in the blood

A

Milligrams / deciliter (mg/dL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

any element or compound equal to its molecular weight in grams.

A

Mole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

study of chemical composition and reactions of living matter.

A

Biochemistry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

compounds that lack carbon except carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.

A

Inorganic compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Most abundant and important inorganic compound in living material; the universal solvent

A

Water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

cushions the body

A

Water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ionic compound containing cations other than H+ and anions other than the hydroxyl ions (OH-).

A

Salts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are salts when not yet intaken?

A

mineral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are salts when it is already ingested?

A

Electrolytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

proton donors; substance that release hydrogen ions in detectable amounts;

A

acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the number of ____ released determines the acidity of the solution

A

protons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

proton acceptors; substances that take up hydrogen ions in detectable amounts

A

Bases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

measures the relative concentration of hydrogen ions in various body fluids;

A

pH - Potential Hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

ideal pH of human body; ideal for biological processes (most important is oxygenation of blood)

A

7.35-7.45 (ave. 7.40)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

pH below 7.35

A

acidemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

pH above 7.45

A

Alkalemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

When acids and bases mix, displacement reaction happen to form _____

A

water and salt

22
Q

*Stomach is acidic due to ____

A

HCl (Hydrochloric Acid)

23
Q

pH of the stomach

A

2-4

24
Q

molecules that neutralizes acid in the stomach

A

Antacids

25
Q

Consists of a weak acid and a weak base that resists abrupt and large changes in the pH of body fluids by Releasing hydrogen ions when the pH begins to rise and by Binding hydrogen ions when the pH drops

A

Buffers

26
Q

Molecules unique to living systems all contain _____

A

Carbon

27
Q

What is the charge of carbon?

A

none, electroneutral

28
Q

large complex molecules with thousands of atoms

A

macromolecules

29
Q

chainlike molecules made of smaller, similar subunits (monomers)

A

Polymers

30
Q

Monomers are joined by removal of OH from one monomer and removal of H from the other at the site of bond formation

A

Dehydration Synthesis

31
Q

Monomers are released by the addition of a water molecule, adding OH to one monomer and H to other

A

Hydrolysis

32
Q

sugars and starches; provide ready, easily used source of cellular fuel.

A

carbohydrates

33
Q

insoluble in water but dissolve readily in other lipids, alcohol and ether.

A

lipids

34
Q

fats when solids; oil if liquid; yields large amounts of energy

A

triglycerides

35
Q

fats with one single covalent bonds between carbon atoms

A

Saturated fats

36
Q

fats that contains one or more double bonds between carbon atoms

A

unsaturated fats

37
Q

solidified fats by addition of H atoms at carbon double bonds; related to high cardiovascular health risks.

A

trans fat

38
Q

modified triglycerides with glycerol, 2 fatty acids, and phosphate group (PO4)

A

Phospholipids

39
Q

found in cell membranes

A

Eicosanoids

40
Q

promote inflammation; reduced by paracetamol

A

Prostaglandins

41
Q

basic structure material of the body and plays vital roles in cell function.

A

Proteins

42
Q

building block of protein

A

amino acids

43
Q

protein that functions as mechanical support

A

Structural proteins

44
Q

protein for catalysis

A

Enzyme proteins

45
Q

Proteins that move substances

A

Transport Proteins

46
Q

proteins for movement

A

Contractile Protein

47
Q

Proteins for transmitting signals between cells; chemical messengers

A

Communication proteins

48
Q

proteins that protect against disease

A

Defensive proteins

49
Q

largest molecules in the body;

A

nucleic acids

50
Q

2 major classes of nucleic acids

A

DNA, RNA

51
Q

Energy from glucose is released from catabolism and captured in the bonds of ___

A

Adenosine triphosphate

52
Q

an energy transferring molecule in cells and provides energy immediately usable by all body cells

A

Adenosine triphosphate

Anatomy & Physiology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions