Module 1: Anatomy And Physiology As It Relates To Glaucoma

Question 1

Glaucoma definition-

Answer 1

The glaucoma’s are a group of chronic, progressive optic neuropathies resulting in damage to the ONH/RNFL and corresponding visual field defects

Question 2

The mechanical theory site of damage is at the

Answer 2

Lamina Cribrosa

Question 3

What is the mechanical theory on the pathophysiology of glaucoma

Answer 3

That IOP induced strain DEFORMS and DISPLACES lamina, causing distortion of laminar pores and ultimately impingement of RGC.

Question 4

Wallerian degeneration (Mechanical theory) of the lamina occurs …. To the lamina.

Answer 4

Distal (anteroretrograde)

Question 5

The eye has pressure called

Answer 5

Intraocular pressure.

Question 6

T/F IOP is a part of the glaucoma definition.

Answer 6

False, its not apart of the glaucoma definition. But it is an underlying physiciology involved in the mechanical theory.

Question 7

What the ONLY modifiable risk factor in glaucoma?

Answer 7

IOP

Question 8

Who are the three players in IOP management? and what role do they play

Answer 8

1. Aqueous Humor: the substance that INFLATES the eye
2. Cilliary body: the structure that PRODUCES the substances that inflate the eye.
3. Anterior Chamber: the structure that DRAINS the substance that inflates the eye.

Question 9

Which structure of CB does not have an important function?
Pars plicata
Pars plana

Answer 9

Pars plana

Question 10

How long is the CB?
6 mm
7mm
5 mm

Answer 10

6mm

Question 11

Name the three types of muscle fibers found in the CB ?

Answer 11

1. Circular
2. Longitudinal
3. Radial

Question 12

Which CB muscle fiber are you viewing during gonio?

Answer 12

Longitudinal

Question 13

The fxn of the CB longitudinal muscle fibers is to

Answer 13

Modulate IOP outflow/IOP.

The others radial and circular fibers dont play an important role with glaucoma

Question 14

The cillary stroma is the site of the blood aqueous barrier

Answer 14

False! It cant be the CB stroma. The CB stroma has fenestrated capillaries!!! It’s super leaky here.

Question 15

Name the two microscopic structures of the ciliary processes.

Answer 15

Cilliary body stroma

Cilliary body epithelium

Question 16

Which layer of the epithelium (pigmented/non pigmented ) is in the inner layer, right next to stroma

Answer 16

Pigmented epithelium

Question 17

Can the pigmented error be credited for PRODUCING the aqueous humorous

Answer 17

NOPE. The NON-PIGMENTED epithelium layer is the only layer that can be credited for ddeposits.