Lec. 1: Glaucoma Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

What are the two contractile structures in the anterior chamber that help with outflow regulation of aq?

Answer 1

Longitudinal fibers

Myofibroblast TM cells

Question 2

Contraction of _____ lowers resistance for outflow of aq by pulling on scleral spur

Answer 2

Longitudinal cillary fibers

Question 3

Relaxation of _____ lowers resistance for aq outflow at the level of the JUXTACANICULAR TISSUE.

Answer 3

Myofibroblast- like cells in TM

Question 4

Outflow is driven by _____ pressure gradient btwn posterior chamber and anterior chamber.

Answer 4

HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE

Question 5

site of greatest resistance in the anterior chamber

Answer 5

juxtacanicular tissue

Question 6

Norm values for IOP

Answer 6

10-22mmHg

Question 7

3 steps of Aqueous Formation

Answer 7

1. ultrafiltration
2. active transport
3. diffusion (not actually involved in formation, just contributes to overall composition)

Question 8

ultrafiltration is
what step
where
what kind of pressure/movement

Answer 8

• first step in aq formation
• happens at the CB stroma
• fluid and solutes cross a semipermeable membrane under a HYDROstatic gradiant pressure between HIGH blood capillary pressure and low cb stroma pressure

Question 9

active transport creates what type of pressure gradiant the NPCE and posterior chamber

Answer 9

OSMOTIC pressure gradiant

Question 10

which step of aqueous formation accounts for CONSTANT REVISION of the compostion of aq?

Answer 10

diffusion. it occurs every where the aw touches just not at the cillary body

Question 11

_____ is responsible for FINAL aq humor formation .

a. active transport
b. ultrafiltration
c. diffusion

Answer 11

a. ACTIVE TRANSPORT

Question 12

tight junctions are located on the ____ side of ____ cells. This is THE PRIMARY SITE OF BAB.

Answer 12

apical side

nON pigmented cillary epithelial cells.

Question 13

boards question

what two mechansims are responsible for aq formation

Answer 13

ULTRAFILATRATION and ACTIVE TRANSPORT

Question 14

This tool is non applanating that is continuous measurement technique. what is the measurements/secs?

Answer 14

100 measurements/secs

-OCULAR PUSLE AMPLITUDE (OPA)

Question 15

which device measures corneal biomechanical data?

Answer 15

Oculus Corvis STL

Question 16

What are the vulnerable zones of the optic disc?

____ and ____

Answer 16

superior temporal and inferotemporal zones

Question 17

what perfuses the GCL and RNFL?

Answer 17

central retinal artery branches

Question 18

Prelaminar region is perfused by the ______.

Answer 18

peripapillary choroid

Question 19

T/F choroiocapillaris and central retinal artery are not involved in the perfusion of the prelaminar region (PLR in figure).

Answer 19

true

Question 20

what perfuses the lamina cirbosa region?

Answer 20

branches from SPCA’s

sectoral perfusion

Question 21

RGC Fibers originating from the distal area of the RETINA will remain _____ in the onh disc for for exiting the retina

Answer 21

peripheral. kinda like a cord…the cord furthest away will be at the bottom of the stack (outer nerve fiber layer) and when it goes down the hole….(onh) it’ll be peripheral in the optic disk and cribosa