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Neurology > Module 1 > Flashcards

Module 1 Flashcards

1
Q

glial cells

A

support and protect nerve cells: astrocytes, oligodendroglia, ependymal, microglia

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2
Q

astrocytes

A

glial cells that provide shape and support

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3
Q

ependymal

A

glial cells that line the ventricles of the brain and canal of spinal cord

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4
Q

oligodendroglia

A

glial cells that form myelin in the CNS

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5
Q

microglia

A

glial cells that are the scavenger/defense mechanism

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6
Q

Schwann

A

glial cells that produce myelin in the PNS

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7
Q

sagittal/median plane

A

right/left side

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8
Q

frontal/coronal plane

A

front/back

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9
Q

transverse plane

A

upper/lower

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10
Q

gray matter

A

cell bodies

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11
Q

white matter

A

myelinated axons

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12
Q

lobes of brain

A

frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, insula/limbic

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13
Q

foramen magnum

A

hole in skull for brainstem

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14
Q

layers of meninges

A

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

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15
Q

dura mater

A

outermost, strong, attachment to spines of skull; keeps brain from sloshing around

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16
Q

arachnoid mater

A

spiderweb-like; no blood vessels; CSF flows between pia mater and arachnoid mater

17
Q

pia mater

A

blood vessels; close to actual brain; CSF flows between pia mater and arachnoid mater

18
Q

ventricles

A

two lateral, then 3rd and 4th into spinal cord; CSF flows through ventricles to spinal cord and then back into subarachnoid space

19
Q

choroid plexus

A

where CSF created

20
Q

hydrocephalis

A

too much fluid in brain

21
Q

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

A

regulation of intracranial pressure; cleans and nourishes; shock absorber; produced in choroid plexus and reabsorbed in subarachnoid space

22
Q

cerebrum (where is gray matter?)

A

gray matter on the outside; opposite of spinal cord

23
Q

Sylvian fissure

A

lateral fissure (side)

24
Q

central sulcus

A

separates frontal and parietal

25
Q

longitudinal fissure

A

left and right

26
Q

basal ganglia

A

regulate the motor system

27
Q

diencephalon

A

thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, subthalamus

28
Q

cerebellum functions

A

coordination and balance

29
Q

brainstem

A

midbrain, pons, medulla

30
Q

projection fibers

A

myelinated axons; ways for transmitting signals: corona radiata, sensory tract, corticospinal tract, corticobulbar tract

31
Q

corona radiata

A

radiating crown (projection fibers)

32
Q

corticobulbar tract important for?

A

speech production and swallowing (projection fibers)

33
Q

association fibers

A

intrahemispheric

34
Q

commissural fibers

A

interhemispheric

35
Q

corpus collosum

A

commissural fibers that connect hemispheres

36
Q

multiple sclerosis

A

disease of myelin

37
Q

association fibers that connect Wernicke’s and Broca’s

A

arcuate fasciculus

38
Q

GSE

A

general somatic (voluntary) efferent (motor)

Neurology (3 decks)

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