MODULE 1 & 2 Flashcards
Finding a congenial social group
Early Adulthood
when individuals experience difficulties in adaptation, they make poor personal
and social adjustment
periods of disequilibrium
Developing concepts necessary for everyday living
Late Childhood
Selecting a mate
Early Adulthood
It is observed during the prenatal period and continues throughout babyhood up to the
first six years.
Rapid Development.
Personal experiences have a profound effect on an individual’s attitude toward developmental
changes. Since the authority and prestige of middle-aged executives decreases as they approach retirement, their attitudes toward aging are, for example, unfavorably affected. These attitudes are intensified by unfavorable social
attitudes.
Personal Experiences
is one area of psychology that explains the course of physical, social, emotional, moral and intellectual development over a person’s life span.
Developmental Psychology
The pattern of change in emotions, personality, and social relations.
Psychosocial Development
refers to the development or unfolding of traits potentially present in the individual
considering his hereditary endowment.
Maturation
Building a wholesome attitude toward oneself as a growing
organism
Late Childhood
Relating oneself to one’s spouse as a person
Middle Age
Developing attitudes toward social groups and institutions
Late Childhood
refers to the progressive series of changes of an orderly and coherent type toward the goal of maturity
Development
Enumerate the six major objectives of developmental psychologist have:
- to find out what are the common and characteristic age changes in appearance, behavior, interests, and
in goals from one developmental period to another; - to find out when these changes occur;
- to find out what causes them;
- to find out how they influence behavior;
- to find out whether they can or cannot be predicted;
- to find out whether they are individual or universal.
are individuals engaged in the professional study of human
development.
Developmental Scientist (Developmentalist)
description, explanation,
prediction and intervention.
social constructions:
When behavior changes are disconcerting, as during puberty and senescence, they affect attitudes toward
the changes unfavorably. The reverse is true when changes are favorable, as occur, for example, when the
helplessness of babyhood gradually gives way to the independence of childhood.
Behavior
Developing adult leisure, time activities
Middle Age
Acquiring a set of values and an ethical system as a guide to
behavior – developing an ideology
Adolescence
is a chronology of different aspects of human development or a lifelong process from conception to death.
Developmental Psychology
Physical development is not only limited to size. It is also apparent in mental development. At first, a child is interested in himself alone, and later in others and in toys. Finally, his interests are directed toward
members of the opposite sex.
Change in proportion.
There is a change in the physical and mental growth.
Change in size.
Who developed development theory; the developmental task
Robert James Havighurst
The four goals of the scientific study of human development are:
description,
explanation,
prediction
and intervention.
functions that are common to the human race, such as creeping, sitting, and walking - development comes from maturation.
Phylogenetic Functions
Assisting teenage children to become responsible and happy adults
Middle Age
Attitudes toward people of different ages are greatly influenced by the roles they play. When people change their roles to less favorable ones, as in the case of retirement or widowhood, social attitudes toward them are less sympathetic.
Role Changes
There is ample evidence that each period in the life span has associated with it certain developmental hazards-whether physical, psychological, or environmental in origin- and these inevitably involve adjustment problems.
Each phase of development has hazards.
the stage when no physical development takes place)
“plateau”
Growth of body and brain, including patterns of change in sensory capacities, motor skills, and health.
Physical Development
Learning to distinguish right and wrong and beginning to develop a conscience, what stages developmental task describes.
Babyhood and Early Childhood
New features are acquired such as the primary and secondary sex characteristics as well as new mental traits like curiosity, sex urge, knowledge, morals and standards, religious beliefs, forms and language, and types of neurotic tendencies.
Acquisition of new features.
is a scientific study of processes of change and stability throughout the human life span.
Human Development
Getting started in an occupation
Early Adulthood
Starts from six years to adolescence. However, the changes of old age usually occur at a much slower pace than those of childhood or adolescence. In adolescence, the rate of development is once
more accelerated.
Slow Development.
Some features that disappear are the thymus glands, baby hair, Darwinian reflex, Babinski reflex, and baby forms of locomotion such as creeping and crawling.
Disappearance of old features.
Developmentalist have come to recognize that human development is a lifelong process, a concept known as
life-span development.
Life Span Development
Every cultural group expects its member to master certain essential skills and acquire certain approved patterns of behavior at various ages during the life span.
The social expectations for every stage of development.
Every culture has certain values associated with different ages. Because maximum productivity is
associated with young through early middle-age adulthood, attitudes toward this group are more favorable than attitudes toward other ages.
Cultural Values
Getting ready to read, what stages developmental task describes.
Babyhood and Early Childhood
Desiring, accepting, and achieving socially responsible behavior
Adolescence
Accepting one’s physique and using one’s body effectively
Adolescence
Learning to take solid foods, what stages developmental task describes.
Babyhood and Early Childhood
Learning to get along with age-mates
Late Childhood
These beliefs about the physical and psychological characteristics of a person affect the judgment of others as well as one’s own self-evaluations.
Traditional beliefs about people of all ages.
Achieving new and more mature relations within age-mates of
both sexes
Adolescence
Developing a conscience, a sense of morality, and a scale of values
Late Childhood
A task arises at or about a certain period in the life of the individual, successful achievement of which leads to happiness and to success with later tasks, while failure leads to unhappiness and difficulty with later tasks.
Developmental Task -
when individuals adapt easily to environmental demands, they make good personal and social adjustment.
periods of equilibrium -
is the individual’s state of preparedness with respect to one or more areas of his /her
functioning.
Developmental Readiness
those that are specific to the individual, such as writing, driving, and swimming - learning in the form of training is essential. Without, it, the development would not take place.
Ontogenetic Functions
This can be done by stimulating development by directly encouraging the individual to use an ability that is in the process of developing.
Development is aided by stimulation.
refers to the development or unfolding of traits potentially present in the individual
considering his hereditary endowment.
Maturation
From mass media, people learn cultural stereotypes associated with different ages and they
use these stereotypes to judge people of those ages.
Cultural Stereotypes
Rearing children
Early Adulthood
Adjusting to aging parents
Middle Age
Reaching and maintaining satisfactory performance in one’s occupational career
Middle Age
Change that improves one’s appearance are welcome and leads to favorable attitudes while those that detract from one’s appearance are resisted and every possible attempt is made to camouflage them.
Appearance
is a development that comes from exercise and effort on the individual’s part. It is the result
of activities or day-to-day experiences of the person himself.
Learning
Because an individual’s development is molded to conform to cultural standards and ideals, changes in these standards affect the developmental pattern
Development is affected by cultural changes.
Patterns of change in mental abilities, such as learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning
and creativity.
Cognitive Development
