module 1 Flashcards by Ashley Justine Lomboy

capable of thinking in terms of possibility rather than limited to thinking about what already is.

abstract thought

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

taking in information and changing it to fix their existing ideas
common in preschoolers

accommodation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Animals and inanimate objects as being capable of thought and feelings also known as magical thinking

Animism

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

taking in information and changing it to fix their existing ideas

Assimilation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

It is the ability to discern truth, even though physical properties change. This is common among school-age children.

Conservation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

It is the ability to see only one of the object’s characteristics

Centering

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Indicates an increase in skill or the ability to function

Development

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

It is a skill or a growth responsibility arising at a particular time in an individual’s life, the achievement of which will provide a foundation for the accomplishment of future tasks.

Developmental Task

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

when they are able to see only one of the object’s characteristics

Egocentrism

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Increase in the number and size of cells; measured in terms of quantity; orderly and predictable but not even.

Growth

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

It means development of those cells until they are ready to function

Maturation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

infants learn objects in the environment – their bottle, blocks, their bed, or even a parent – are permanent and continue to exist even though they are out of sight or changed in some way

Permanence

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

It is the ability to retrace steps.

Reversability

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This is how preschoolers would like something to turn out.

Role Fantasy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

They are the finer units of each stage of cognitive development according to Piaget.

Schemas

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

is practical intelligence during infancy, because words and
symbols for thinking and problem solving are not yet available at this early age

Sensorimotor Intelligence

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

is a systematic statement of principles that provides a framework for explaining some phenomenon.

Theory

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

It is the usual reaction pattern of an individual or an individual’s characteristic manner of thinking, behaving or reacting to stimuli in the environment. It is an inborn characteristic

Temperament

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

It is measured in grams, kilograms or pounds.

Weight

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

is measured in inches, feet or centimeters.

Height

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the Five Main Areas of Development. Explain each.

Physical, Emotional, Intellectual, Social, Spiritual

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

it means ripen; an
increase in human competence and adaptability

Maturation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

It is a growth responsibility that arises at a certain time in the course of development

Developmental task

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

growth proceeds from head to toes

Cephalocaudal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

growth proceeds from the center, or midline of the body to peripheral

Proximodistal

a type of growth that is Simple to complex

General to specific

True or False. The physical and the mental development of the child are mostly not correlated to each other.

False. They are correlated.

most rapid period of growth

infancy

slow and uniform rate of growth

Preschool to puberty

: (growth spurt) second most rapid growth period

puberty

decline in growth rate till death

after puberty

Is growth uniform? yes or no.

No. Growth is not uniform. Different parts of body grow at different rates.

It is the usual reaction pattern of an individual or an individual’s characteristic manner of thinking, behaving or reacting to stimuli in the environment. It is an inborn characteristic.

Temperament

refers to the tendency to shift easily to a new situation.

Distractibility

ability to change one’s reaction to stimuli over time.

Adaptability

refers to the ability to remain interested to a project or activity.

Attention Span and persistence

is the intensity level of stimulation that is necessary to evoke a reaction.

Threshold of response

state wherein a person is said to be in negative or positive condition.

Mood quality

- Easy to care for - Predictable rhythmicity, approach and adapt to new situations readily. - Mild to moderate intensity of reaction - Overall positive mood quality. - 40% to 50% of children

easy child

- Irregular in habits - Negative mood quality - Withdraw rather than approach new situations. - 10% of children

difficult child

a combination of the easy and the difficult child

intermediate child

- Over-all fairly inactive - Responds mildly - Adapts slowly to new situations - Generally negative mood - 15 % of children

slow to warm up child

is the arrangement of individual adjustment to his environment. It is an all-inclusive term that covers appearances, abilities, motives, emotional reactivity and experiences that have shaped him to his present person.

Personality

It is the totality of one’s physical or inherited attributes as well as those psychological factors that determine one’s characteristic behavior.

Personality

This theory suggested that personality is mostly established by the age of five. Early experiences play a large role in personality development and continue to influence behavior later in life.

Psychoanalytic Theory

"I know what I want and I want it now!” - pleasure principle - developed during infancy

- developed during toddler period - "I can wait for what I want!" - Reality principle - balances the id and superego - the result of individual’s interaction with the environment. - It promotes satisfactory adjustment in relation to the environment.

EGO

- developed during preschool - "I should not want that!” - Conscience- Morality principle - Develops as a person unconsciously incorporates standards and restrictions from both parents and society to guide behaviors, thoughts, and feelings. - Emerges at around age five.

SUPEREGO

He described child development as being a series of psychosexual stages in which a child’s sexual gratification becomes focused on a particular body part at each stage.

Sigmund Freud

What did Freud termed the infant period.

Oral Phase

during this phase, children’s interests focus on the anal region as they begin toilet training. Elimination takes on new importance for them. Children find pleasure in both the retention of feces and defecation.

anal phase (the toddler)

the phase where infants suck for enjoyment or relief of tension, as well as for nourishment.

oral phase (the infant)

During this phase, children’s pleasure zone appears to shift from the anal to the genital area.

phallic phase (preschooler)

a time in which children’s libido appears to be diverted into concrete thinking.

latent phase (school age child)

the main events of this period to be the establishment of new sexual aims and the finding of new love objects.

genital phase (adolescent)

What is the theory of sigmund freud?

Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory

What is the theory of erik erikson?

Erikson’s theory of Psychosocial development

what is a theory that stresses the importance of culture and society in development of the personality

ERIKSON’S THEORY OF PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

What is the developmental task for infants?

learning trust versus mistrust

What is the developmental task for a toddler?

learning autonomy versus shame or doubt

What is the developmental task for preschooler?

learning initiative versus guilt

What is the developmental task for school-age child?

develop industry versus inferiority

What is the developmental task for adolescent?

sense of identity versus role confusion

What is the developmental task for young adult?

sense of intimacy versus isolation

What is the developmental task for middle aged adult?

sense of generativity versus stagnation

What is the developmental task for older adult?

integrity versus despair

What is the theory of Jean Piaget

PIAGET’S THEORY OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

is practical intelligence, because words and symbols for thinking and problem solving are not yet available at this early age.

Sensorimotor Stage (Infant stage)

This period is one of transition as children complete the final stages of the sensorimotor period and begin to develop some cognitive skills of the preoperative period, such as symbolic thought and egocentric thinking.

Toddler

Piaget viewed this age as a period during which concrete operational thought begins

School age chid

the time when cognition achieves its final form or when formal operational thought begins.

Adolescent

What is the theory of Lawrence Kolhberg?

KOHLBERG’S THEORY OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT