Module 1 Flashcards
What is psychology
The study of human behavior and mental processes
How many parts is psychology made up of and name the parts
Made up of 3 parts:
a.Scientific study - uses research methods to gather data and formulas,
b. Study of Behavior - any observable things a person does,
c. Mental Processes - makes up our thoughts, feelings, and dreams
What are the 2 types of research?
Basic research - increase scientific knowledge
Applied research - meant to solve practical issues.
Who was Wilhelm Wundt
He experimented to determine how perceptions, sensations, and feelings relate to behavior. He used introspection and is considered the father of psychology
What is Introspection
used to describe a person’s experiences in a systematic matter
Birth year of psychology
1879
Who was Edward Titchener
Student of Wilhelm Wundt. Promoted the idea of structuralism which is also the first school of thought.
What did structuralists try to understand
The structure of conscious by analyzing the intensity, clarity, and quality of it’s basic parts. Didn’t have many followers and died off, but gave rise to Gestalt Psychology.
What is Gestalt Psychology
Deals with our tendency to take pieces of information into meaningful wholes. They believe adding the individual of elements of an experience together creates something new and different.
Who was William James
He was the founder of Functionalism.
Our consciousness (develop over time) help people to adapt to and function in our surroundings more efficiently.
He also wrote the first psychology textbook in 1890.
Who was Sigmund Freud
Developed psychoanalysis and said that our actions and thoughts come from our unconscious motives and conflict. He used observation and reflection, not experimentation. Many of his ideas were disapproved, but most psychologist believe our unconscious thoughts, inner conflicts, and childhood experiences affect our personality and behavior.
Who was Ivan Pavlov
Leaned more towards observable behavior and away from self-examination with the goal of prediction and control of human behavior.
“Pavlov’s Dog”
Who was John Watson
Developed behaviorism which studies observable behavior and not mental processes. He studied human reactions to various stimuli. Made Psychology more scientific
Who was Abraham Maslow
Created a hierarchy of needs. He rejected the idea that humans are controlled by a series of rewards and reinforcements. Humans have free will. Also believed that healthy people will try to reach their full potential
Who was Jean Piaget
Worked with how children develop their thinking abilities
