Module 1

Question 1

Science

Answer 1

a branch of study dedicated to the accumulation and classification of observable facts in order to formulate general laws about the natural world

Question 2

Papyrus

Answer 2

a primitive form of paper, made from a long-leafed plant of the same name

Question 3

Spontaneous Generation

Answer 3

The idea that living organisms can be spontaneously formed from non-living substances

Question 4

James Clerk Maxwell

Answer 4

founder of modern physics

Question 5

Thales

Answer 5

one of the first scientists

Question 6

Galileo

Answer 6

collected much data in favor of the heliocentric system but was forced to recant belief in it

Question 7

Ptolemy

Answer 7

proposed geocentric system

Question 8

Einstein

Answer 8

had two theories of relativity and was big in quantum mechanics

Question 9

Lavoisier

Answer 9

discovered the law of mass conservation

Question 10

Darwin

Answer 10

destroyed the idea of the immutability of species

Question 11

Democritus

Answer 11

Ancient Greek scientist who believed in atoms

Question 12

Grosseteste

Answer 12

considered the first modern scientist

Question 13

Copernicus

Answer 13

proposed heliocentric system

Question 14

Aristotle

Answer 14

developed the idea of spontaneous generation

Question 15

Newton

Answer 15

the single greatest scientist of all time

Question 16

Mendel

Answer 16

determined how traits are passed on during reproduction

Question 17

Joule

Answer 17

demonstrated the First Law of Thermodynamics

Question 18

Dalton

Answer 18

he developed the first detailed atomic theory and became known as the founder of modern atomic theory

Question 19

Bohr

Answer 19

he is best known for his model of the atom. It was named after him, and revealed many of the atom’s mysteries

Question 20

1st Lesson from the history of science

Answer 20

We should support a scientific idea based on the evidence, not based on the people who agree with it. Belief in spontaneous generation and the Ptolemaic system lasted so long mostly out of respect for Aristotle and Ptolemy, not because of evidence.

Question 21

2nd Lesson from the history of science

Answer 21

Scientific progress depends not only on scientists, but also on government and culture. Science stalled in the Dark Ages because there was little government and cultural support for it.

Question 22

3rd Lesson from the history of science

Answer 22

Scientific progress occurs by building on the work of previous scientists.