Module 04: Dietary Computations

Question 1

This is an index of a person’s weight in relation to height. This is used to estimated relative risk of health problems related to weight.

Answer 1

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Question 2

What are the conditions of Body Mass Index (BMI)?

Answer 2

(A) Because it is relatively quick and easy to measure height and weight and requires little skill, actual measures, not estimates, should be used whenever possible to ensure accuracy and reliability.
(B) A patient’s stated height and weight should be used only when there are no other options.

Question 3

Why is BMI not an accurate method?

Answer 3

Because it does not involve measurement of body composition. It is a not an accurate method for percentage of lean body mass or fat.

Question 4

BMI correlated better with what?

Answer 4

Correlated better with many measures of body fat content and risk of morbidity.

Question 5

What is the formula of Body Mass Index (BMI)?

Answer 5

(A) Metric Units (BMI) = Weight (kg) / Height (m) x Height (m)
(B) English Units (BMI) = 703 x Weight (lb) / Height (in) x Height (in)

Question 6

What is the BMI of a person under the classification of underweight?

Answer 6

<18.50

(Risk for comorbidities: Low but risk of clinical problems increased)

Question 7

What is the BMI of a person under the classification of normal range?

Answer 7

18.50 to 24.99
(Risk for comorbidities: Average)

Question 8

What is the BMI of a person under the classification of overweight?

Answer 8

> 25.00
(Risk for comorbidities: Increased)

Question 9

What are the different classifications under overweight?

Answer 9

(A) Preobese (25.00 to 29.99)
(B) Obese class I (30.00 to 34.99)
(C) Obese class II (35.00 to 39.99)
(D) Obese class III (>40)

Question 10

What is the BMI Cutoff for someone under overweight?

Answer 10

BMI between 23 and 24.9 kg/ m^2

Question 11

What is the BMI Cutoff for someone under obese?

Answer 11

BMI greater than 25 kg/m^2

Question 12

This is known as the person’s projected healthy weight based on heigh, frame and gender.

Answer 12

Ideal Body Weight

Question 13

What are the conditions under Ideal Body Weight?

Answer 13

(A) From a health perspective “healthy” or “desirable” weight is that which is statistically correlated to good health.
(B) But the relationship between body weight and good health is more complicated than simply the number on the scale.
(C) The amount of body fat a person has and where a person’s weight is distributed also influence health risks, as does the presence of certain diseases or conditions, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Question 14

According to the Nutritionists- Dietician Association of the Philippines, how do you calculate your desirable body weight?

Answer 14

Desirable (IBW) in kg = (Height in cm - 100) - 10% (Height in cm -100)

Question 15

This method on calculating the Ideal Body Weight for Adults measures height in centimeters.

Answer 15

Tannhauser’s method

Question 16

They reduce their ideal body weight on the following percentages, depending on the extremity lost.

Answer 16

Amputees

Question 17

Amputees reduce their ideal body weight based on the extremity lost. Enumerate.

Answer 17

(A) Hand and forearm- 2.3%
(B) Total arm- 5%
(C) Foot and lower leg- 6%
(D) Total leg- 16%

Question 18

These people have an ideal body weight (IBW) that is approximately 5% to 10% less than the calculated value.

Answer 18

Paraplegic

Question 19

These people have an ideal body weight (IBW) that is approximately 10% to 15% less than the calculated value.

Answer 19

Quadriplegic

Question 20

These individuals have a total height that may be estimated from knee height.

Answer 20

Bed Ridden and those with severe spinal curvature

Question 21

How to measure the height of those that are bed Ridden and those with severe spinal curvature?

Answer 21

Bend the knees 90 degrees and measure from the heel to the anterior surface of the thigh

Question 22

How do you calculate the height in cm of men who are bed ridden or those with severe spinal curvatures?

Answer 22

Men: height in cm= 71.85 + (1.88 x K) where K, knee height in cm

Question 23

How do you calculate the height in cm of women who are bed ridden or those with severe spinal curvatures?

Answer 23

Women: height in cm= 70.25- (0.06 x A) + (1.87 x K) where A, age in years

Question 24

This is characterized as the measurement of variations of the physical dimensions and gross composition of the human body at different age levels and degrees of nutrition.

Answer 24

Anthropometric Measurements

Question 25

These are physical measurements that reflect body composition and development.

Answer 25

Anthropometrics

Question 26

What are the three (3) main purposes of anthropometrics?

Answer 26

(A) To evaluate the progress of growth in pregnant women, infants, children and adolescents.
(B) To detect undernutrition and overnutrition in all age groups.
(C) To measure changes in body composition over time.

Question 27

What are the common anthropometric measurements?

Answer 27

(A) Weight (for age)
(B) Height (for age)
(C) Weight for height and length
(D) Skinfold thickness
(E) Body Circumferences
(F) Birthweight

Question 28

This process is characterized as to when a person’s back is laid flat against a flat wall to which a non stretchable tape or stick has been fixed.

Answer 28

Measuring Standing Height

Question 29

How do you measure standing height>

Answer 29

(A) The person stands erect, without shoes, with heels together. The person’s line of sight should be horizontal, with the heels, buttocks, shoulders, and head touching the wall.
(B) The assessor places a ruler, book, or other inflexible object on top of the head at a right angle to the wall; carefully checks the height measurement; and records it immediately in either inches or centimeters so that the correct measurement will not be forgotten.

Question 30

How do you measure weight?

Answer 30

Valid weight measurement require scales that have been carefully maintained, calibrated and checked for accuracy at regular intervals.

Question 31

This is often used as a tool for quick estimation of calories, carbohydrates, protein and fat contribution of food groups. This serves to prescribe how much amounts of a certain food item is ideal for intake.

Answer 31

Food Exchange Lists (FEL)

Question 32

Why is Food Exchange Lists (FEL) important?

Answer 32

This classifies the food selection for their energy yielding nutrient.

Question 33

Food Exchange Lists (FEL) is an updated nutrition tool which can be used by what:

Answer 33

(A) Nutritionist dietitians as a guide in planning meals and prescribing diets to their clients
(B) Health professionals in nutrition, education as guide in medical nutrition therapy and as reference material in hospital clinics and academic institutions in teaching diet therapy
(C) Fitness centers and other healthcare facilities can also use it as reference material for those who are under weight loss management.

Question 34

When was Food Exchange Lists (FEL) published?

Answer 34

It was first publish in 1953 and was designed primarily for the calculation of diabetic diets.