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A&P II Exam 2 review > Modul 20 pt 1 > Flashcards

Modul 20 pt 1 Flashcards

1
Q

This zone is the site of gas exchange including respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli

A

Respiratory Zone

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2
Q

This zone brings things to the gas exchange

A

Conducting Zone

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3
Q

What is the main respiratory muscle? It is attached to the lungs?

A

Diaphragm

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4
Q

This provides way for airway respiration, it moistens and warms entering air

A

The nose

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5
Q

This is part of the external nose, it is a shallow vertical groove inferior to the apex

A

Philtrum

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6
Q

This is the muscular tube that connects to the nasal cavity superiorly, has three parts

A

Pharynx

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7
Q

This is the airway posterior to the nasal cavity, has tubes that open to the lateral walls, a passage for air only

A

Nasopharynx

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8
Q

This is a passageway for food and air from the level of the soft palate to the epiglottis

A

Oropharynx

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9
Q

This is another name for the opening of the mouth

A

Isthmus of fauces

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10
Q

This is a pathway for food and air, extends to the larynx

A

Laryngopharynx

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11
Q

This attaches to the hyoid bone and opens the laryngopharynx, provides airway, routes air and food town different tubes, also voice production happens here

A

Larynx

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12
Q

This is made of elastic cartilage covers the laryngeal inlet during swallowing

A

Epiglottis

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13
Q

This is the windpipe that runs form the larynx into the mediastinum

A

Trachea

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14
Q

This is the inner most layer of the trachea, its ciliated with goblet cells

A

Mucosa

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15
Q

This is the middle layer of the trachea, its made of connective tissue and has glands

A

Submucosa

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16
Q

This is the outermost part of the trachea, it is made of connective tissue that encases the cartilage rings

A

Adventitia

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17
Q

This is the last tracheal cartilage

A

Canna

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18
Q

Which lung is bigger and why

A

Right because the heart is towards the left

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19
Q

This is made up of alveolar and capillary walls and their fused basement membrane

A

Respiratory membrane

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20
Q

These are surrounded by fine elastic fibers, they allow air pressure throughout the lungs to be equalized

A

Alveoli

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21
Q

This is on the mediastinal surface, which is the site for attachment of the blood vessels, bronchi, lymphatic vessels and nerves

A

Hilum

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22
Q

This delievers blood from the heart to the lungs and back, oxygenated blood is in the veins

A

Pulmonary circulation

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23
Q

This is the blood system that delivers blood supply to the lungs through bronchial arteries

A

Systemic circulation

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24
Q

This is a thin, double layer serosa that is on the lungs

A

Pleura

25
Q

The outer most layer of the lungs is called

A

Parietal layer

26
Q

The inner layer of the lungs is called

A

Visceral Layer

27
Q

This is the process of breathing in

A

Inspiration

28
Q

This is the process of breathing out

A

Expiration

29
Q

This is the pressure of air exerted by the air surrounding the body, 760 at sea level

A

Atmospheric pressure

30
Q

These are always described relative to the atmospheric pressure

A

Respiratory pressure

31
Q

This is the pressure in the alveoli, it rises and falls with pressure

A

Intrapulmonary pressure

32
Q

This pressure is always negative, helps the lungs from collapsing

A

Instrapleural pressure

33
Q

What does pulmonary pressure minus intrapleural pressure equal?

A

transpulmonary pressure

34
Q

If intrapulmonary pressure equals pulmonary pressure, what happens?

A

Lungs collapse

35
Q

Atelectasis is always known as _____ and is due to plugged bronchioles

A

lung collapse

36
Q

This is the relationship of pressure and gas, P is directly inversely related to V

A

Boyles law

37
Q

Is Inspiration an active or passive process?

A

Active

38
Q

Is expiration an active or passive process?

A

Passive

39
Q

Inspiration takes energy because it has to come over three things

A

Airway resistance
Alveolar surface tension
Lung compliance

40
Q

What is the major nonelastic source of resistance gas?

A

Friction

41
Q

What is the relationship between flow, pressure and resistance

A

Flow=Pressure/Resistance

42
Q

This is when liquid molecule is drawn closer together and it reduces their contact with gas molecules, and resists any force that tends to increase surface area of a liquid

A

Alveolar surface tension

43
Q

What reduces surface tension and prevents alveoli from collapsing

A

Surfactant

44
Q

This is a condition peculiar to premature babies who dont have fully developed lungs yet, they dont have surfactant in their bodies and are at a high chance of their lungs collapsing

A

Infant respiratory distress syndrome

45
Q

This is the stretchyness of the lungs, is is determined by distendibility of the lungs and the alveolar surface tension

A

Lung compliance

46
Q

The amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath under resting conditions

A

Tidal Volume (TV)

47
Q

The volume of air remaining in lungs after a normal Tidal volume expiration

A

Functional residual capacity

48
Q

TV + IRV + ERV

A

Vital Capacity

49
Q

Amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled after normal tidal volume inhalation

A

Inspiration reserve volume

IRV

50
Q

ERV + RV

A

functional residual capacity

51
Q

Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation

A

Expiratory reserve volume

52
Q

Amount of air remaining in the lungs after forced exhalation

A

Residual volume

53
Q

Maximum amount of air that can be inspired after a normal expiration

A

Inspiratory capacity

54
Q

Maximum amount of air that can be expired after a maximum inspiratory effort

A

Vital capacity

55
Q

Max. amount of air in the lungs after max. inspiratory effort

A

Total lung capacity

56
Q

TV+IRV+ERV+RV

A

Total lung capacity

57
Q

AVR or ________ is the flow of gases into and out of the alveoli during a particular time.

A

Alveolar ventilation rate

58
Q

What is an example of obstructive pulmonary disease

A

Bronchitis

59
Q

What is an example of a restrictive disorder?

A

Fibrosis or TB

A&P II Exam 2 review (4 decks)

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