Moduel 2 Flashcards
. _______________ policing changed the way officers interacted with the community, as they became proactive in problem solving and developed a partnership with the community to reduce crime.
• Community (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
In the community era of law enforcement, policing was highly influenced by several U.S. Supreme Court decisions and was forced to change established techniques in searches, interrogations, and other civil rights.
• False (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
The use of fingerprints was established as a reliable means to identify a suspect because
- no two people have the same prints
- a person’s fingerprints will not change as they age
- fingerprints are capable of being classified
- all of the above (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
The ___________ established the district and circuit courts of the Federal Government.
• Judiciary Act of 1789 (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
- The U.S. Supreme Court case of In re Gault, 387 U.S. 1 (1967) ruled juveniles were entitled to due process, which included
- the right to confront and cross-examine witnesses
- the right against self-incrimination
- the right to legal counsel
- all of the above (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
Juveniles are not entitled to which of the following adult rights in court proceedings?
• the right to a jury trial (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
The sequence of a misdemeanor offence through the criminal justice system is entry into the system, prosecution and pretrial services, adjudication, sentencing and sanctions, and corrections.
• True (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
The sequence of a felony offence through the criminal justice system is entry into the system, adjudication, prosecution and pretrial services, sentencing and sanctions, and corrections.
• False (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
According to the U.S. Justice Department, victims did not report crimes to police because the victim felt/believed
- the crime was not important enough to report
- the police would not or could not help
- fearful of reprisal or getting the offender in trouble
- all of the above (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
After a suspect has been arrested, a prosecutor ___________, which initiates the judicial proceedings and outlines the crime and probable cause.
• files charges (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
Defendants who go to trial rather than accept a plea bargain arrangement are _____ likely to receive harsher sentences.
• more (Correct Answer/ Your Answer)
Sentencing of a defendant is often guided by __________.
• presentence investigations (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
A program where offenders are allowed to remain free in the community under certain conditions; if conditions are violated, ______ may be revoked and incarceration ordered.
probation (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
An officer’s role in the reentry/reintegration of a prisoner into a community includes _____
the officer’s awareness of the date a prisoner will be released and his address in identifying potential offenders in criminal activity. (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
Community policing is defined as having three components including
- Partnership among the community, government, and police.
- Engagement with the community to address the root causes of crime and other community issues
- Problem solving to prevent crime proactively
- All of the above (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
- The “veteran court” model uses _______________.
- a volunteer mentor who facilitates progress and treatment
- job training
- housing
- all of the above (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
The criminal justice system is most likely to be further influenced in the future by _______________.
• internet-based crimes (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
In the community era of law enforcement, police chiefs and officers changed tactics to work more with the community and develop a more intimate relationship to prevent crime.
True (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
In the ___________ era of law enforcement, policing was highly influenced by several U.S. Supreme Court decisions and was forced to change established techniques in searches, interrogations, and other civil rights.
reform (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
- The development and implementation of the AFIS – Automated Fingerprint Identification System enabled the rapid comparison of thousands of fingerprints.
True (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
. The U.S. Supreme Court case of In re Gault, 387 U.S. 1 (1967) ruled juveniles were entitled to due process, which included the right to confront and cross-examine witnesses, the right to self-incrimination, and the right to legal counsel.
False (Correct Answer)
- One of the key differences between the juvenile and adult criminal justice system is non-law enforcement officers, such as school officials or parents, may refer juveniles into the juvenile justice system.
• True (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
What is the sequence of a misdemeanor offence through the criminal justice system?
• Entry into the system, prosecution and pretrial services, adjudication, sentencing and sanctions, and corrections (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
According to the U.S. Justice Department, over 65% of crimes lead to the arrest of an offender.
• False (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
A ______________ hearing is the determination if there is probable cause to believe the accused committed the crime in the jurisdiction of the court.
• preliminary (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
The _______________may issue a pardon or grant clemency.
• State Governor (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
- The officer has three main roles in prisoner reentry/reintegration into the community, one of which is enabling the officer to be aware of the date a prisoner will be released and his address in identifying potential offenders in criminal activity.
• True (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
Community policing was and is seen as a way for law enforcement to engage with the community.
• True (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
- A large number of offenders entering the criminal justice system suffer serious mental illnesses and, if left untreated, pass through a revolving door into and out of the criminal justice system.
• True (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
- The U.S. Supreme Court case in Kent v. United States, 383 U.S. 541 (1961) ruled a juvenile is entitled to a trial and the rationale of why the court would waive jurisdiction to an adult court.
• True (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
. The sequence of a misdemeanor offence through the criminal justice system is entry into the system, prosecution and pretrial services, adjudication, sentencing and sanctions, and corrections.
• True (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
According to the U.S. Justice Department, ____ of all victimizations are not reported to police.
• 52% (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
A grand jury issues a/an ________________, which is a written statement of the essential facts of the offense and probable cause to move to trial.
• indictment (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
- A plea of _________ is where the accused does not contest the charges as presented by the prosecution; however, the accused does admit the truth of the facts and charges.
no contest (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
. _________ circumstances generally increase the severity of the crime and may include physical injury, retaliation for reporting the crime, use of a weapon and other factors.
• Aggravating (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
- The officer has three main roles in prisoner reentry/reintegration into the community, one of which is the officer’s involvement may replace the duties of parole/probation officers.
• False (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
. The SARA model used in community policing is an acronym for ___________?
• Scanning, Analysis, Response, Assessment (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
. In the ___________ era of law enforcement, police chiefs and officers changed tactics to work more with the community and develop a more intimate relationship to prevent crime.
• community (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
In the reform era of law enforcement, policing was highly influenced by several _______________ and was forced to change established techniques in searches, interrogations, and other civil rights.
U.S. Supreme Court decisions (Correct Answer)
The development and implementation of the ____________ system enabled the rapid comparison of thousands of fingerprints.
AFIS
The Judiciary Act of 1789 established the _____ and _______ courts of the Federal Government.
• district and circuit (Correct Answer)
. The ___________ is a critical difference between a misdemeanor and a felony case in the criminal justice system.
• grand jury (Correct Answer)
The primary purpose of an appeal is to correct a wrong that may have been committed and to render judgment about one or more issues that will influence future cases.
• True (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
The “drug court” model uses _______________.
- graduated sanctions for noncompliance
- incentives to complete the program
- drug and/or alcohol use testing
- all of the above (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
A critical component of a misdemeanor is the indictment from a grand jury, which enables the offender to have a trial.
False
A prisoner may be eligible for _____ after serving a portion of the sentence in prison.
Parole
According to the FBI, internet-based crimes cost approximately ____ million dollars in 2015.
275
Individual state courts were created and functioning before the creation of organized Federal courts.
True
One of the key differences between the juvenile and adult criminal justice system is juveniles may be referred into the criminal justice system by __________.
• school officials
• parents
• social services/case management
all of the above (Correct Answer/ Your Answer)
What is the sequence of a felony offense through the criminal justice system?
Entry into the system, prosecution and pretrial services, adjudication, sentencing and sanctions, and corrections (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
The officer has three main roles in prisoner reentry/reintegration into the community, one of which is the officer’s involvement may replace the duties of parole/probation officers.
• False (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
. Internet-based crime has proliferated as _______________.
-technology has become more affordable
- accessibility of technology has increased
consumers are more trusting in the release of personal/financial records
-all of the above (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
According to the U.S. Justice Department, over 65% of crimes lead to the arrest of an offender.
• False (Correct Answer / Your Answer)
