Modifiers Flashcards
Modifier - Word
Noun - Adjective
Verb - Adverb
Modifier - Phrase
Noun - Prepositional, Adjective phrase(book, red in color), verb-ing and ed
Verb - prepositional
Clause - Verb-ing and To verb
Modifier - Clause
Noun - Relative pronoun
Verb - Clause that begins with when, if, because etc.
Who, Which, Whose
Who - people
Which - things
Whose - both
Verb-ing - Noun
Verb-ing, Noun
Noun + verb-ing (no comma)
Noun, verb-ing,
Verb-ing - Action - Type
- Describe - Doer is the same. Before/after
generic, how - Result - cause -> effect
Verb-ing, sentence
Noun or action depending on context
Ex - Singing a beautiful song, Mary mermerised everyone
Participating for the first time, Sam won the marathon
Verb-ing - To verb
Ex - Mary’s father wants Mary to become a doctor, making a difference
Verb-ing - Doer Issue
W Ex - Joe became the CFO of the company, increasing his pay significantly.
Ex - Glaciers have melted, resulting in rise of the sea level
Entity + Verb-ed - Type
If entity is doer - verb else modifier
Verb-ed Modifier
S + verb-ed + v + o
S, verb-ed, v + o
Verb-ed, + S + V + O
S + V + O, verb-ed modifier(modifies O, different from verb-ing due to ,)
Verb-ed, Clause
Doer is the same. Cause -> effect
Relative Pronoun Modified entity
Modify closest noun except in case of multiple modifiers with no ambiguity
W Ex - I killed the snake with eggs, which lay in the burrow(ambiguity)
Who vs Whom
Who - subject, whom - object
Ex - Susie will offer employment to the girl whom she interviewed last week
Susie will offer employment to the girl who works in another department
Noun + Noun modifiers
Modify any noun in the preceding clause or the clause when no ambiguity
Can appear in the middle of the sentence
Preceding clause - Ex - James created the design using design tools, an experiment that …
