modified atmosphere packaging Flashcards
market demands
natural
top quality
longer shelf life
convenience
advantages of MAP
extended shelf life
increased market areas
better use of labor and equipment
economies of scale by purchasing large quantities of raw materials
reduced transportation costs
less frequent loading display shelves and checking of sell by dates
enhancement of sales
reduction of costs associated with freezing/froze storage/distribution
disadvantages
cost of packaging equipment slower throughout put of package leakage secondary spoilage pb potential growth of organisms
methods of atmosphere modification
vacuum packaging
gas packaging
gas absorbents
gas generators
vacuum packaging
remove air without replacement seals bag up to 5x longer than refrigerated food no freeze burn use laminated film for strength and barrier home/industry use
influence on shelf life of VP products
raw meat quality temeprature hygiene tome before packaging film permeability shelf life approximately 6 weeks for meats
gas packaging
change air with new gaz
techniques:
gas flushing = VFFS, continuous flushing, fast, residual O2 2-5%
compensated vacuum = TSSF, slower, less residual O2, use for O2 sensitive products
passive modification = no equipment takes place within sealed package
characteristics of gas packaging
resist puncture sealing reliabioity anti fog CO2 permeability oxygen transmission rate water vapor transmission rate
CO2
not inert bacteriostatic fungistatic prevent insect attack fat/water soluble antimicrobial action = displace O2, pH reduction, disrupt ell membrane
O2
avoided except for color, respiration and anaerobes
nitrogen N2
inert, no anti microbio, filler gas
gas absorbents
O2 absorbents = chemical to alter atmosphere within package
iron powder, Na2S2O4
ascorbic acid, catechol
usually in sachets
factor influence size/type of sachets
nature of food aw amount of dissolved oxygen initial level of O2 in package headspace desired shelf life oxygen permeability
advantages of O2 absorbents
non toxic extend microbiological and chemical shelf life replace additives/preservatives in pdt reduce distribution losses replace chemical pesticides
disadvantages
need free flow of air to scavenge O2 may cause package collapse O2 absorbents/CO2 generators may cause flavor change consumer resistance to sachets expensive
