Modern Masonry Flashcards
What is a sled runner?
Used by masons to finish mortar joints
What is used to cut masonry?
Industrial diamond or carbide tipped blades
Definition of building brick?
common brick are used chiefly as structural material where durability and strength are more important than appearance
When is it appropriate to use Grade SW Brick?
brick highly resistant to frost
When is it appropriate to use Grade MW Brick?
where there may be exposure to temperatures below freezing, but where not likely to be permeated with water
Grade NW Brick?
is brick designed to be used as a backup on interior masonry
When do you use Facing brick?
used on exposed surfaces where appearance is an important consideration
What type of brick are identical to facing brick but have a larger core area?
Hollow Brick
Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving Brick?
intended for use as a paving material to support pedestrian and light vehicular traffic
What is Heavy Vehicular Paving Brick intended for?
intended for heavy traffic and equipment applications
units with a glaze fused to the body; used as a facing brick?
Ceramic Glazed Brick & Glazed Brick Single Fired
Thin brick?
thin brick veneer units are fired clay with normal face dimensions but a reduced thickness
What is brick durability affected by?
heat, wetting, drying, and soluble salts
What is efflorescence?
on masonry walls this is caused by soluble salts in wet brick being carried to the surface as water evaporates
Running bonds in masonry is what?
consists of all stretchers and is used largely in cavity walls and veneer construction
common bond or American bond?
a variation of the running bond. It has course of full-length headers at regular intervals generally every fifth to seventh course, to provide structural bonding as well as pattern
What are Flemish bonds in masonry?
alternates courses of stretchers and headers. headers in alternate courses are centered over the stretchers in the course between them
What are English bonds in masonry?
made of alternate courses of headers and stretchers. the headers are centered on the stretchers and joint between the stretchers in all courses are aligned vertically
Block or Stack Bond
is purely a pattern bond. all vertical joints are aligned. There is no overlapping of units. The block or the stack bond is the weakest part
How is a mortar joint very effective in resisting rain penetration?
concaved and tooled mortar joints
Most popular mortar joint?
concave mortar joint
FTX Unglazed Facing Tile is known for?
a high degree of mechanical perfection
How much does a 8x8x16 CMA (sand and gravel) weigh?
40 lbs
Actual size of a 8x8x16 CMU is?
7 5/8” x 7 5/8” x 15 5/8”
which block is typically stronger? two core block or three?
two core
When do you typically use two core block?
when reinforcing bars must align in the core holes
Masonry glass block joints are typically ____ on all sides?
1/4” on all sides
What is an excellent sill material that can be used on exterior masonry walls? WHy?
Limestone; one piece ensures better protection against water leakage
Basic mortar ingredients include?
Portland cement, hydrated lime and sand
re-tempering mortar is done how?
add water to make more workable
Mortar should be discarded after how many hours after mixing?
2.5 hours after
How do you make mortar stronger?
Compressive strength of mortar increases as cement content is increased
What is most significant property of hardened mortar but also most difficult to predict?
Bong strength
When do you use Type M Mortar?
used for reinforced masonry below grade and in contact with earth; foundations, retaining walls, walks, sewers, and manholes
When do you use Type S Mortar?
STRENGTH WIND used for reinforced masonry where maximum flexural (bending) strength is required AND/OR when wind speed exceed 80 mph
Three types of ties:
Unit ties?
rectangular anchors used in cavity wall construction
When do you use Z ties?
in concrete block wall construction
When do you use a Corrugated tie?
used to anchor brick veneer facing walls to studs
All reinforcing rods or bars used in masonry walls must have how much mortar coverage?
5/8 of an inch
When is a strap anchor used?
to connect a partition wall to a bearing wall
cutting brick with a brick hammer is used when?
when the cut edge will be hidden by the mortar
What is used to ensure height of each course or block or brick?
a corner pole or a story pole
Where do you place wall ties in the mortar?
5/8 of an inch from either edge of the masonry unit
How do you clean brick?
use diluted Hydrochloric Acid (HCL)
When sand blasting a masonry wall the pressure should be?
60-100 p.s.f
Most common air-space for a cavity wall?
2 inches
corrugated metal ties: when are they used?
used in residential veneer construction to anchor the veneer to frame or masonry backing
Position Block (CMU’s) in a wall with the wide flange on the top to provide what?
a wider space for the bed joint
What do you use to make sure that the mason’s line does not sag?
a Trig
How far do you hold a mason’s line away from the block or brick?
1/16”
When is a full mortar bed used?
to ensure a good bond between the footing and the bed course
A full mortar bed is furrowed with?
a trowel
What size diameter bar is usually used in what size concave mortar joint?
a 5/8” diameter bar is usually used for a 3/8” concave mortar joint
What should be sealed with caulking compound after the mortar has been raked out to a depth of 3/4”?
control joints
How far do you parge the wall from the footing to above the finish grade line?
6”
What is a curtain wall in masonry?
a self-supported (non-bearing) wall
an expansion joint on the outside wythe must be spaced no farther then ___ ft apart?
50
Materials used for lintels?
concrete, cast stone, stone, steel
Jack Arch Construction: is relatively weak and should be supported by steel if the opening is over __ ft wide?
2 ft wide
What are the overlap requirements for Sheets of welded wire?
AT LEAST ONE FULL STAY SPACING PLUS 2 INCHES
concrete wearing surface like terazzo toppings on outdoor slabs are generally how thick?
1/2 thick
Tuckpointing is what?
filling in cut out or defective mortar joints in masonry with fresh mortar
what is a stretcher brick?
bricks that lie with its longest side parallel to the face of the work.
what is a header brick?
brickwork in which all the bricks are laid as headers is referred to as header course.
what is a bed joint?
the bed is the horizontal layer of mortar where brick or stone units are laid.
