Modern History - Dumas Flashcards
When was the First Duma?
April - July 1906
(10 weeks)
Who was in the First Duma?
Dominated by Kadets and Trudoviks
What was the First’s Duma’s main demand?
The Trudoviks wanted land reform; more land from landlords
Kadets also supported this, but wanted the State Council to be abolished and for the government to answer directly to Duma.
Why was the First Duma dissolved?
Their demands were far too radical for the tsarist government
(Strong increase in liberal opposition to government after)
When was the 2nd Duma?
February - June 1907
Who was in the 2nd Duma?
Dominated by SRs and Bolsheviks and Mensheviks
How many socialists (mainly SRs) were elected in 2nd Duma?
222
Why was the 2nd Duma dissolved?
It viewed more of a threat than the 1st one did
(For revolutionary parties, it became clear that they wouldn’t achieve their aims through elections)
When was the 3rd Duma?
1907 - 1912
(Lasted full 5 year term - relied upon to Tsarist regime)
What did Stolypin change the election rules to after the 2nd Duma?
Changed them so that conservative deputies instead of reformers were elected
(conservative deputies could be relied on to support government)
Who was in the 3rd Duma?
Octoberists and other conservative deputies
(Liberals realised that Tsar and government would never willingly give up autocratic power)
How many seats did Octoberists and other conservative deputies control out of 443 seats in the 3rd Duma?
287
When was the 4th Duma?
1912 - 1917
Who was in the 4th Duma?
Also dominated by conservatives
(This time right wing nationalist parties even stronger - opposition to government to weak to make impact on law/policies)
By 3rd Duma, police repression was so severe that Revolutionary parties were almost unable to operate because:
- Factory workers could sack striking workers
- Peasants intimidated by landlords - fortified manors and increased security
- By rigging elections - lots of conservatives - never agree to radical reforms
