MODERN FINAL: MOVEMENTS Flashcards
1
Q
IMPRESSIONISM
A
- started in 1814
- plein-air (as opposed to studio) every day life
- short, broken brush strokes
- unbalanced colors
- colors in shadows, brightness
- speed in motion & time
- important artists: Monet, Cassatt, Degas
2
Q
HAUSSMANNIZATION OF PARIS
A
- during impressionism
- population explosion of the 19th century
- demolishes many medieval streets & buildings
- builds new sewers
3
Q
NEO-IMPRESSIONISM
A
- colors blend together further away (Chevreul and Rood)
- started in 1886
- added math techniques to impressionism
- pointillism
- important artists: Signac, Seraut, Luce
4
Q
POST IMPRESSIONISM
A
- expressing emotions/deeper meanings
- simplified colors
- were not originally considered a group
- important artists: Gauguin, Cézanne, van Gogh, Seurat
5
Q
FAUVISM
A
- first art movement of the 20th century
- non local color
- direct, violent brushstrokes
- color squeezed directly from the tube
- inspired by Cézanne
6
Q
SYMBOLISM
A
- about the unreal, a mode of feeling
- work of art is a consequence of emotions and inner spirit, rather than of observed nature
- important artist: Redon
7
Q
ART NOVEAU
A
- stemming from the arts-and-crafts movement
- against industrializtion, seen as a threat to true craftsmanship
- great art was to be both beautiful & useful/utilitarian
- return to simplicity
- made use of new technology
- relies on natural imagery
- resist becoming completely non-objective
- important artists: van de Welde, Klimt, Toulouse-Lautrec
8
Q
PRE-RAPHAELITES
A
- oldest movement, started before impressionist
- founded by Dante Gabriel Rossetti, William Holman-Hunt, John Everett
- machine age
- beauty and sprirituality had been lost in the machine age, as had morality
- clung to detail
- Gothic & 15th century art
- important artists: Ruskin, Millais, Hunt
9
Q
EXPRESSIONISM
A
- in Germany 1905
Die Brücke
- comprised originally of architecture students
- often depicted life of the city
- often compared to Fauvism for the use of bright colors and non-local color
- inspired by “primitive” art
- bridge between art of the past & the avant-garde
10
Q
DADA
A
- from Zurich
- a state of mind not necessarily a specific style of work
- there are multiple meanings for everything
- revolting against set knowledge and only one way of doing things
- cohenrence of beauty & order
- Cabaret Voltaire
- characteristics: brutism, simultaneity - all happening at the same time, chance
- important artists: Hans Arp, Schwitters, Ernst, Duchamp
11
Q
FUTURISM
A
- in Italy
- interested in what the future of art holds
- visual manifestation in their works of art
- want to put the viewer in the middle of painting
- against the nude
- believe in war as a logical process
- space: the merging of an object with its environment
- indebted to the cubism & pointillism
- interested in the beauty of revolution, war, speed, and modern technology
- opposed traditional institutions
- not a unified group
- important artists: Carlo, Balla, Russolo, Boccioni
12
Q
CONSTUCTIVISM
A
- Russia
- constructing rather than carving away
- architectural based
- in favor of art as a practice for social purposes
- influenced modern art movements like the Bauhaus & De Stijil
- important artists: Tatlin, Rodchenko, Gabo
13
Q
DE STIJIL
A
- Holland
- time when other countries could take the lead in art (France was in the war)
- against tradition
- simplification & abstraction
- the straight line = clarity and order
- harmony between man and the universe
- important artists: Mondrian, Doesburg
14
Q
SURREALISM
A
Organic Surrealism
- automatic thinking/ painting
- important artists: Miró, Masson, Ernst
Naturalistic
15
Q
REGIONALISM
A
- important artists: Wood, Benton
