export_final study guide Flashcards by Talia Moyer

Who owns controlling interest in Nissan Motor Company?

Renault

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T/F: It is ironic that Avon’s CEO is male and only 24% of the managers are female.

False

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T/F: Management is defined in the text as: The process of administering and coordinating resources effectively in and effort to achieve the goals of the organization.

True

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The four functions of management are:

planning
organizing

leading

controlling

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T/F: Henry Mintzberg’s work with managers revealed at least 10 roles managers play. These were grouped into three groups. These were: Interpersonal Roles, Informational Roles, & Decisional Roles.

True

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The management level which required the highest percentage of conceptual skills was:

Top management

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“The cumulative skills & knowledge of the organization.” This is the definition given for”

Human capital

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Which of these is not one of the 5 factors mentioned that impact managing in the 21st century?
ethics

increasing globalization

intellectual capital

patents

Patents

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T/F: “The global economy. New governmental regulations. The competition.” I must be talking about the internal environment of an organization.

False

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T/F: “Ford makes cars. Wells Fargo is in the banking business.” I must be talking about what a company does well - its core competencies.

True

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T/F: Sony… “Sony’s big challenges were to start making electronic devices more profitable to solve…” The authors of the text concluded that Sony finally recognized their management style and practices that worked in the past were no longer capable of maintaining the company as leader in the electronics industry.

True

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When Lowe’s and Home Depot sent trucks filled with plywood and generators to areas forecasted to be hit by a hurricane, they demonstrated how management has to adjust quickly to which of these influences?

economic influences

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The “social contract” in our culture demonstrated how the rights of the worker has evolved management theory through the decades.

Social influences

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The “social contract” in our culture demonstrated how the rights of the worker has evolved management theory through the decades.

Social influences

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The “social contract” in our culture demonstrated how the rights of the worker has evolved management theory through the decades.

Social influences

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T/F: Although Henri Fayol’s general principles of management were 14 in number, modern theorists concentrated them into the four you and I know today: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling

True

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This management style rose up out of the concern for managing on a personal basis. It is based on firm rules, policies, and procedures; a fixed hierarchy; and a clear division of labor.

Bureaucratic management

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Frederick Winslow Taylor wrote “science of shoveling” and studied ranges of physical motion to find the most efficient and effective way the human body could work.

scientific perspective

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“One of the most profound changes was the newfound ability of workers to influences managerial decisions to the formation of powerful labor unions.”

Behavioral perspective

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Small-batch technology, mass-production technology, and continuous - process technology.

contingency perspective

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T/F: American quality philosophers W. Edward Deming, Joseph Juran, and Armand Feigenbaum are known for originating the concept of total quality control.

True

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T/F: Part of Sony’s turnaround was the appointment of a new CEO. What was unique about this CEO was that he was not Japanese.

True

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T/F: A stakeholder is defined as: “All those who are affected by or can affect the activities of the organization. This includes employees, owners (stockholders), consumer groups, and society at large.

True

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The four perspectives of social responsibility are economic (be profitable), legal (law), ethical (avoid questionable practices), and _______ (be a good citizen).

philanthropic

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Nissan donated money to the American Red Cross and matches all employee contributions. This is a good example of:

corporate social responsibility

Of the 4 approaches to corporate social responsibility, the tobacco industry's suppression of the data proving the addictive qualities of nicotine for over 50 years is an example of:

reaction

The greatest good for the greatest number of people.

utility approach

90% of the Fortune 500 companies and almost half of all other forms have one of these.

code of ethics

T/F: "Whistle blowing" is defined as: "reporting alleged organizational misconduct or wrong doings to the public."

True

T/F: Ethics is defined in the text as that which "reflects established customs and morals."

True

T/F: When a company uses another firm to provide operations that were previously done inside the company is called "outsourcing."

True

T/F: "Take needed public stands on social issues" was one of the 10 commandments of corporate social responsibility.

True

T/F: Carly Florina, former CEO of Hewlett-Packard, was let go when the changes she instituted resulted in HP not being dominant in any product area except for printers.

True

"The process of making plans and decisions that are focused on long-run performance." This is the definition of:

Strategic planning

According to "The Future Phone Company" there is still some doubt as to the ability of hand devices to hold all of the technology that would be required to deliver phone, television, and internet service and remain small and light weight.

True

"We are a global family with a proud heritage passionately committed to providing personal mobility for people around the world. We anticipate consumer need and deliver outstanding products and services that improve people's lives." This is Ford motor company's ______ statement.

Mission

The "T" in SWOT analysis stands for:

Threats

Which of the following is NOT an aspect of the general environment? sociocultural political-legal human resources economic all of these were

Human resources

T/F: It might be easy to confuse two of Porter's five forces. The difference between "threat of substitute products" and "threat of new entrants is a good example. The primary different between these two depends on customer loyalty. If competing..... etc

True

T/F: "A unique organizational skill or knowledge that will help an organization accomplish something better than its competitors." This is the definition of "distinctive competency."

True

The "S" of the SMART model in goal setting stands for:

Specific

T/F: Walmart is a good example of using cost leadership strategy because it has concentrated on maximizing the efficiency of all its systems, thereby achieving a lower cost structure than its competitors. This allows it to sell for the relatively low price that consumers demand and still be profitable.

True

T/F: One study found that planning actually helped new businesses survive longer than those who didn't.

True

T/F: Planning is defined as: "setting goals and defining the actions necessary to achieve those goals."

True

T/F: Adding new products, services, or businesses to an organization is called diversification.

True

An instruction on how to complete recurring tasks:

Procedure

A guideline for decision making within the organization.

Policy

The strategic planning level where specificity is high and involves middle and lower level managers is:

functional strategy

Because of today's rapid changing business environment it is always wise to have a plan B and C. Here, we are talking about:

contingency planning

T/F: Anne Mulcahy became CEO of Xerox in 2001. She had to turn the company around or it would be lost. Some of the things she did to save the company included, laying off employees, selecting a new CFO, encouraging faster decision making, and implementing a Six Sigma program.

True

T/F: Three barriers to effective planning were mentioned. These were: demands on the manager's time, ambiguous and uncertain operating environments, and resistance to change.

True

T/F: Four strategies were mentioned to overcome the barriers to planning, These were: learn to apply the management functions better, involve employees in decision-making, take advantage of a diversity of views, and encourage strategic thinking.

True

The first step of the Seven Step in the decision-making process is:

identifying opportunities and diagnosing problems

T/F: Under "Keys to Effective Implementation of Decisions," the implementation could be expressed in two ways: 1) sensitivity to those affected by the decision and 2) proper planning.

True

When one, in the process of making decisions, takes into account the constraints of time, limited resources and intelligence, the decision maker is recognizing what is called:

bounded rationality

Sometimes in the decision-making process individuals feel responsible for negative consequences and try to justify their previous decision. Sometimes decision-makers stay with the course of action, even though it is failing, simply because they believe consistency is a desirable behavior. What we are describing here is:

Escalation of commitment

"An unconscious analysis based on past experience." This is a definition of:

Intuition

T/F: Decision significance, team support, importance of commitment, and leader expertise. These are among the seven situational contingencies to determine the appropriate level of participation in group decision-making.

True

T/F: Collective rationalization, illusion of unanimity, and illusion of invulnerability. These are all symptoms of Groupthink.

True

T/F: The Delphi technique is an approach that uses experts to make predictions and forecasts about future events without meeting face-to-face.

True

"A technique used to enhance creativity that encourages group members to generates as many novel ideas as possible on a given topic without evaluating them." This is a definition of:

Brainstorming

When we appointed an individual or subgroup to critique the proposed course of action in the group decision process we are pursing the _____ approach.

Devil's advocacy

T/F: The BCG Growth-Share matrix features the high and low aspects of Market Growth Rate and Relative Market Share. The one quadrant labeled "cash cow" represents LOW market growth rate and HIGH relative market share.

True

T/F: In the discussion of ethical and social implication in decision-making, the Walt Disney company was on example presented. Disney had been refurbishing many of its resort swimming pools into "zero-entry" pools.

True

Employees in the training department of The Limited creatively designed a game show format to teach critical knowledge components of their business to the workers. They were able to do this because the were given the _____ to be creative.

Autonomy

T/F: If you wanted to know the details of the responsibilities and tasks associated with a given position in a firm you would ask for the job description for that position.

True

Joe has worked at Bank of America for a year. They have trained him and provided job experience to him as a teller, a customer service representative, a loan processor, and a safe deposit box attendant. It is obvious this bank believes in:

Job rotation

T/F: Studies showed that employee-centered work redesign produced benefits for the employees involved but "demonstrated few favors for customers."

True

Jessica had 3 managers and 15 front line workers reporting to her. Sharon supervises 27 employees. Who has the largest span of control?

Sharon

"The Semco Way" involves: a) freedom to come and go as you please b) contracts promising certain levels of productivity or you're fired c) no permanent CEO d) A & C e) A, B, C

T/F: Although the words responsibility and accountability are used by some as two different things, they are essentially the same.

True

T/F: Authority is defined as: "The formal right inherent in an organizational position to make decision."

True

T/F: Delegating involves, among other things, matching the employee to the task, transferring authority, and accountability with the task, and choosing the level of delegation carefully.

True

Under the leadership of AG Lafley, Procter and Gamble increased its market share and its stock price more than doubled. These results occurred partly due to Lafley's determination to force P&G to accept change and embrace a culture of cooperation and teamwork. Changes included:

Division mangers were moved from corporate headquarters to the floors where their managers were located Managers who did not share ideas were denied promotions the table in the conference room was changed from a square to a circle. ALL OF THE ABOVE

T/F: A job description is established from the results of a job analysis.

True

T/F: What better way to determine if a person is qualified for a specific job than to have them actually DO the work that is required in the job? This selection tool is called using a "work sample."

True

T/F: It is permissible in an interview to ask "Have you ever been arrested?" but you cannot ask "Have you ever been convicted of a crime?"

False

When our department switched from the XJ200 to the far superior XJ5000, it was obvious we all needed ____ to continue at our level of productivity.

training

Being unjustly harsh in evaluating employee performance:

severity error

T/F: Checking to make sure pay in one organization is fair relative to the pay for the same job in other organizations. This is called internal fairness.

False

DDB Worldwide Communications Group offers an unusual incentive for their employees. Its Paris office offers:

beer & wine

Firefighters must be able to carry X amount of pounds up or down a ladder while dressed in full gear. When a small woman, an African American in a wheel chair, and a blind person were rejected, it had nothing to do with gender, race, or disability. This is about:

bona fide occupational qualifiers (BFOQ)

When an organization emphasizes the recruiting, hiring, and promoting of members of minority groups, they are demonstrating:

affirmative action

Susan couldn't take another week at work. The constant sexual innuendos, the lewd jokes, the dirty emails circulating throughout the office; it was all too much for her. It was affecting her work and even her health. This is a good example of:

hostile environment

T/F: Leadership is defined in the text as: "A socio-political process to influence and control people in order to sustain the status quo."

False

T/F: Three categories of leader approaches were presented in the text. These were: leader centered, follower centered, and interactive.

True

T/F: ....almost every model o n leadership behavior that has been presented in class as well as in the text involves choosing a point between two extremes on a continuum. These are: task orientation or relations orientation.

True

T/F: Some familiar names appeared on the "25 Most Influential Leaders of Our Times." These included: oprah, steve jobs, and bill gates.

True

"The power based on formal authority." This is the definition of:

legitimate power

"The ability to influence others based on personal liking, charisma, and reputation." This is a definition of:

Referent power

T/F: The situational leadership model explains how leaders change their leadership style contingent upon for different possibilities of the follower's ability and willingness to do the task. (eg wiling and not able, unwilling and able, etc)

True

T/F: Transformative leaders influence followers through value internalization and self engagement with work. They motivate by activating the higher needs of the followers, appealing to their moral ideas, and empowering them.

True

T/F: Daniel Goleman's emotional intelligence is defined as "the capacity to effectively manage ourselves, our businesses, and the economy."

False

T/F: 10 implications for leaders were listed in the text. These included: know the ways of disagreement and the means of compromise, learn to communicate with your ears open and your mouth shut, and know your team and be a team player.

True

T/F: The definition of motivation is: "Forces either internal or external to a person that act as inducements or that influence action to do something."

True

T/F: Fredrick Herzberg's Two-Factor theory of motivation involved hygiene factors and motivating factors. The difference between the two is simple. Hygiene factors are associated with the job context or the environment in which the job is performed, and motivators are all about job content, or what people actually do in their work.

True

T/F: Acquired Needs Theory states there are three needs that, when met, lead to motivation. These are: achievement, affiliation, and affluence.

False

The expectancy theory crates a formula-like approach to motivation. The sequence of questions are: will my efforts lead to high performance?; will performance lead to outcomes?; and do I find the outcomes desirable? These can be matched in order with

expectancy, instrumentality, valence

T/F: The equity theory of motivation states that individuals are motivated by a sense of fairness.

True

T/F: In this chapter, the SMART model is an acronym for: specific, measurable, achievable, results oriented, and time related.

True

T/F: When organizations increase the amount of control and discretion workers have over their jobs, they are empowering employees.

True

T/F: A list of creative and almost no cost ways to reward workers. Some examples included: hand written thank you cards, an ugly tie day, and sharing a bowl of popcorn.

True

T/F: One important conclusion stated, "Help people see what the right behavior and performance are."

True

T/F: One tip for creating a motivated environment was, "Continue the beatings until morale improves."

False