Modern Art Blossoms: 1905-WWI Flashcards
Aleksandr Archipenko
Black Seated Torso (Ukraine 1909) arguably the first Cubist sculpture.
Birth of a Nation
D.W. Griffith’s imaginary KKK (1915 US) inspires a handful of movie-goers to form the modern KKK.
Robert Delaunay
Arguably creates the first non-objective painting (Premier Disque Simultane).
Marcel Duchamp
Cubo-Futurism (cubism in motion) is a logical step for Duchamp. He asks “What is art?” Readymade/Found Object Art (1913) was born, focusing on the idea of naming an everyday object as art.
Sigmund Freud
The Interpretation of Dreams (1900 Austria) inspires artists to explore the inner world.
Adolf Hitler
In 1937, under Hitler’s orders, 637 paintings by Kirchner are destroyed.
Pablo Picasso
Pablo Ruiz Picasso was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, and theatre designer who spent most of his adult life in France.
Arthur Schopenhauer
Essay on Phenomena (deals with fantasy, dreams, hallucinations, apparitions, and the occult) was an inspiration for Pittura Metafisica.
Alfred Stieglitz
Photographer, gallery owner, and promoter who encourages American artists to experiment. He ran Gallery 291 (1905-17), bringing European modern art to the United States, and began the Photo-Secession in 1902. Stieglitz brought more modern art with the Armory Show of 1913.
Gertrude Stein
A Californian, lesbian, and writer who buys many artists’ work and invites them over for dinner.
The elevator is invented.
1900
The Zeppelin makes its first flight.
1900
Human speech is transmitted by radio.
1900
The first skyscraper goes up in NYC.
1903
The Wright Brothers made the first powered, heavier-than-air flight.
1903
The first radio broadcast of voice and music takes place in NYC.
1906
Plastic is invented.
1908
Radiation is used to treat cancer.
1914
Which single word defines the Modern Era?
Change
Which painting was called “an explosion in a shingle factory?”
Nude Descending a Staircase No. 2
Define eugenics
Eugenics is a pseudoscientific set of beliefs and practices that aim to improve the genetic quality of a human population.
Name the two branches of Germany’s first modern art movement.
Die Brücke (the bridge) group (Dresden 1905-10) emphasizes on individual, primitive, emotional style.
Blaue Reiter (blue rider) group (Munich 1911-13) may appear non-objective and often unites sound with the spiritual.
What was American Art like at the dawn of the twentieth century?
Art in the United States is largely realistic and traditional and not experimental.
What exhibition changed American Art?
The Armory Show of 1913 is the most significant exhibit in the twentieth century. Modernism comes to the US. There were roughly 1250 works by 300 artists, American and European, male and female.
Which movie spawned the modern KKK?
Birth of a Nation
What motivated Pablo Picasso to invent Cubism?
Jealous of the attention given the Fauves, Picasso sets out to create a new movement by managing three interests: post-impressionism, stereography, and tribal masks.
What were the two periods of Picasso’s early work?
Blue Period: after the suicide of a friend in 1901
Rose Period: his depression passes in 1905 with a romance
Fauvism (France 1905)
Bright color, childlike rendering, and little concern for perspective or detail.
Joy of Life
- Henri Matisse
- 1905
- France
- Fauvism
German Expressionism (Germany 1905)
Individual, anti-naturalism, the “inner voice.”
Bride of the Wind
- Oskar Kokoschka
- 1914
- Austria
- Die Brücke Expressionism
Cubism (France 1906)
Shapes broken into geometric forms and multiple views displayed simultaneously.
La Guernica
- Pablo Picasso
- 1937
- Spain
- Cubism
Ashcan (US 1908)
Everyday life in and around New York City.
Stag at Sharkey’s
- George Bellows
- US
- 1902
- Ashcan
Futurism (Italy 1909)
Motion, the machine, future, violence, and youth.
Unique Forms of Continuity in Space
- Umberto Boccioni
- Italy
- 1913
- Futurism
Rayonism (Russia 1910)
Light bouncing off objects rather than the objects themselves.
Red Rayonism
- Mikhail Larionov
- Russia
- 1913
- Rayonism
Pittura Metafisica (Italy 1910)
Dreams, perspective distortions, and chiaroscuro (strong contrast between light and dark).
Mystery and Melancholy of the Street
- Giorgio de Chirico
- Greece/Italy
- 1914
- Pittura Metafisica
Suprematism (Russia 1913)
Simple shapes in flat, simple colors. The first non-objective art movement (relates to nothing from nature or the creations of man other than himself).
Black Square
- Kasmir Malevich
- Russia
- 1915
- Suprematism
