models of communication Flashcards
the best way yo understand communication
is to see it graphically
this is a direct communication to people without having any feedback
linear model of communication
designed to mirror the functioning of radios and telephone. consists of three major parts sender, channel, and receiver
Shannon and Weaver’s Model Of Communication
Electric Engineer, Scientist
Shannon and Weaver
two linear model stacked on top of each other also called convergence model
Interactive Model of Communication
in this model Communication is Circular both sender and receiver are involved in encoding and decoding
Osgood and Schramm’s Circular Model of Communication
____ wanted to show in this model that communication is enriched by the communications field of experience
Schramm
Communication is a process of Perception - Production
-Perception
Gerbner’s General Model Of Communication
Because any man or machine can’t perceives the whole event and they perceives only the part of the event (E1).
Perceptual Dimension
is an event happens in the real life
E
the event content or message is perceived by
‘M’ (Man or a Machine).
3 factors involved between “E” and “M”
- Selection
- Context
- Availability
The——-occurs in the event and———–is based on ‘M’s attitude, mood, culture and personality
context
availability
is the event content which is drawn or artified by M
E2
M creates a statement or signals about the message and Gerbner termed its Form and content as
SE2
analyses the communication between source and receiver, indicated as A and B mass media are indicated with C.
The sender generally derives information from variety of sources and combines it in some way to create a message
The Westley & MacLean Model of Communication
The model can thus be viewed from two perspectives
interpersonal and mass communication.
feedback is indirect and slow.
mass communication
inherently states that communication doesn’t start as soon as someone speaks, but rather when a person responds, or is looking for a reaction from the environment.
The model shows a strong relationship between environmental factors and messages and the communication process
The Westley & MacLean Model of Communication
What is communicated now will influence the structure and content of communication later on.
Time is an important element in the communication process.
Bottom is very small then it gradually moves upward in a back and forth circle motion.
Helical Model Of Communication
The two dominant components of the model are information and mutual understanding.
Information sharing is a cyclical process entailing several cycles of information exchange.
Mutual understanding may never be reached or is imperfect.
Roger and Kincaid’s Convergence Model of Communication
