Models and Types of Memory Flashcards
Supporting evidence for the MSM?
Peterson + Peterson and Bahrick.
What do P+P and Bahrick support?
Multi-store model.
What were P+P’s findings?
After a 3 second interval, recall was 80%, after 18 seconds, recall was 10%. The STM has a duration of 18-30 seconds.
What were Bahrick’s findings?
After 15 years, free recall was about 60%, and visual recognition was 90%. After 48 years, this dropped to 30% and 80%. The LTM can have a lifelong duration, at least 48 years.
Contradictory evidence for the MSM?
Patient KF.
What does Patient KF contradict?
Multi-store Model.
Describe Patient KF.
When someone read digits aloud for him, his recall was bad. However, when he read them aloud himself, recall was better, showing that there may be multiple STM stores, and the MSM is oversimplified.
Supporting evidence for types of LTM?
Patient HM and Clive Wearing.
What do Patient HM and Clive Wearing support?
Types of LTM.
Describe Patient HM.
He had a severe memory impairment. However, his STM and episodic memory was mostly functional.
What was found about Clive Wearing?
Despite having global amnesia, Clive’s procedural memory was mostly intact, and he could still walk, talk, write, and play piano.
Contradictory evidence for types of LTM?
Cohen and Squire.
What do Cohen and Squire contradict?
Types of LTM.
Describe Cohen and Squire.
They argued that there are only two types of LTM - declarative (episodic and semantic) and nondeclarative (procedural).
Support for the WMM?
Baddeley and Hitch.
What does B + H support?
Working memory model.
What did B + H find?
They used a dual processing task, and found that ppts found the tasks more difficult when they used the same component of the working memory.
