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8362 T&T Exam1 > Mod2: Infection Control > Flashcards

Mod2: Infection Control Flashcards

1
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

Transmission of an infectious agent directly from one person to another; may occur via contact of blood or secretions with mucous membranes, open cuts, or mites. This is alsoo known as:

A

Direct Contact Transmission

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2
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

When an infectious agent is transmitted via an intermediate object (fomite) that has been previously contaminated. This may include (but is not limited to) patien-care devices, environmental surfaces, and clothing. This mode of transmission is also known as:

A

Indirect contact transmission

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3
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

The particle size of emitted respiratory secretions is a continuum from __(a)__ to __(b)__.

A

a) - Aerosol size particles (< 0r = 5 micrometeres)
b) - Droplets (> 5 micrometeres)

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4
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

Transmission via respiratory particles (> 5 micrometeres) that remain suspended for short periods of time and tend to be deposited within 3 feet of where they are generated. This mode of transmission is also known as:

A

Droplet transmission

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5
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

The distance that a droplet travels may be affected by such things as:

A

Temperature

Humidity

Air currents

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6
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

Where in the airway are droplets preferentially deposited?

A

Upper airways

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7
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

Where in the airway are aerosols preferentially deposited?

A

Lower respiratory tract

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8
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

(see image)
Which mode of transmission is described?

A

Airbone Transmission

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9
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

Standard Precautions

True or False:

A

True

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10
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

Standard Precautions

True or False?

A

True

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11
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

According to Standard Precautions, when must clinicians wear gloves?

A

For all contact with blood,

body fluids (except sweat),

non-intact skin, and

mucous membranes

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12
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

According to Standard Precautions, when must gloves be changed?

A

When they become soiled, or

When contact with a clean body part follows that with a contaminated part

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13
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

Why must gloves be removed after patient contact?

A

To minimize environmental contamination

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14
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

According to Standard Precautions, when must hand hygiene be performed?

A

Before pt contact, and

Upon removal of gloves

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15
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

According to Standard Precautions, when should gown, face, and eye protection be worn?

A

If there is a risk of splash or spray

Environmental cleaning is necessary after contamination by body substances

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16
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

According to Standard Precautions, what type of mask should be used when inserting central line or performing neuraxial anesthesia?

A

Standard surgical mask

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17
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

According to Standard Precautions, how should needle and sharp objects be handled?

A

Avoid needle recapping

When necessary, use one-handed technique

Avoid bending or breaking used sharps

Dispose sharps in appropriate puncture-resistant container

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18
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

According to Standard Precautions, how should coughing be handled?

A

Practice and encourage respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette

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19
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

Contact precautions must be used in addition to Standard Preacautions. True or False?

A

True

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20
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

What the tenants of Contact precautions?

A

Contact precautions

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21
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

Droplet precautions must be used in addition to Standard Preacautions

A

True

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22
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

What are the tenants of Droplet precautions?

A

Droplet precautions

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23
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

Airborne precautions must be used in addition to Standard Preacautions

A

True

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24
Q

Standard Precautions - Transmission-Based Precautions

What are the tenants of Airborne precautions?

A

Airborne precautions

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25
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Hepatitis A infection?

A

Standard precautions

Use Contact precautions for incontinent patients

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26
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Hepatitis B infection?

A

Standard precautions

27
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Hepatitis C infection?

A

Standard precautions

28
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Hepatitis E infection?

A

Standard precautions

Use Contact precautions for incontinent patients

29
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Dessiminated Herpes, zoster (varicella-zoster) infection?

A

Airborne, contact

Health-care workers without immunity should not care for patient if immune HCW available

30
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Localized Herpes, zoster (varicella-zoster) infection?

A

Standard

31
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Impetigo infection?

A

Contact

32
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Legionnaires’ disease infection?

A

Standard

Not transmitted person-to-person

33
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Head lice infection?

A

Contact

34
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Body and Pubic lice infection?

A

Standard

35
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Lyme disease infection?

A

Standard

36
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Malaria infection?

A

Standard

37
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Measles infection?

A

Airborne

Susceptible HCW should not care for pt if immune HCW available

Maintain precautions for 4 days after onset of rash

Nonimmune exposed individuals may be infectious from days 5 to 21 after exposure

PEP available (vaccine, immune globulin)

38
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Bacterial and Fungal Meningitis?

A

Standard

39
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Neisseria Meningitis?

A

Droplet

40
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Streptococcus Meningitis?

A

Standard

PEP available

41
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Multidrug-resistant organims (MDROs: MRSA, VRE, VISA/VRSA, EBLs, resistant streptococcus pneumoniae)?

A

Standard/Contact

42
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Mumps?

A

Droplet

Susceptible HCW should not care for pt if immune HCW available

43
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Mycoplasma?

A

Droplet

44
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

A

Airborne

45
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Parainfluenza?

A

Contact

46
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Pertussis?

A

Droplet

Signle-patient room or cohort. PEP available. Tdap recommended

47
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Poliomyelitis?

A

Contact

48
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Rabies?

A

Standard

49
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Respiratory syncytial virus?

A

Contact

Standard mask should be worn

50
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Rhinovirus?

A

Droplet

51
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Rubella?

A

Droplet

Susceptible HCW should not care for pt if immune HCW available

Vaccine available

Nonimmune exposed individuals may be contagious from days 5 to 21 after exposure

52
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Salmonella?

A

Standard

Contact precautions for incontinent pts

53
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with SARS-Cov?

A

Airborne, Droplet, Contact

Maintain precautions until 10 days after resolution of fever

54
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Shigella?

A

Standard

Contact precautions for incontinent pts

55
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Smallpox?

A

Airborne, Contact

Maintain precautions until all scabs crusted and separated (3-4weeks)

Non-vaccinated HCW should not care for patient if immune HCW available

56
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Major Staphylococcal wound?

A

Contact

57
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which precautions should be used for a patient with Major Streptococcal wound?

A

Contact, Droplet

58
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which infections require “Airborne precautions”?

“SARS Borne has Disseminated TB, Measles and Smallpox”

A

Disseminated Herpes, zoster (varicella-zoster)

[May also requires Contact precautions]

Measles

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB)

SARS-Cov

Smallpox

59
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which infections require “Droplet precautions”?

“Starlet Never Mumbles My Pertinent Major Rude Rhino”

A

SARS-Cov

Neisseria meningitis

Mumps

Mycoplasma

Pertussis

Major Streptococcal wound

Rhinovirus

Rubella

60
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which infections require “Contact precautions”?

A

Hepatitis A & E, viral

(for incontinent pts)

Disseminated Herpes, zoster (varicella-zoster)

[Also requires Airbone precautions]

Impetigo

Head lice

Multidrug-resistant organims (MDROs: MRSA, VRE, VISA/VRSA, EBLs, resistant streptococcus pneumoniae)

[Standard precautions may suffise]

Parainfluenza

Poliomyelitis

Respiratory syncytial virus

Salmonella

(for incontinent pts)

SARS-CoV

[May also require Airborne or Droplet precautions]

Shigella

(for incontinent pts)

Smallpox

[May also require Airborne precautions]

Major Staphylococcal wound

Major Streptococcal wound

[May also require Droplet precautions]

61
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Health-care workers without immunity should not care for patients with which infections if immune HCW available?

A

Measles

Mumps

Rubella

Disseminated Herpes, zoster (varicella-zoster)

Smallpox

62
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which infection is not transmitted from person to person?

A

Legionnaires’ disease

63
Q

Prevention of Occupationally Acquired Infections

Which infections have PEP available (vaccine, immune globulin)?

“MRS. PEP”

A

Measles

Rubella

Streptococcus Meningitis

Pertussis

8362 T&T Exam1 (16 decks)

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