Mod 5 Exam

Question 1

Embryo

Answer 1

First 8 weeks of gestation

Question 2

Interstitial fluid hydro-static pressure

Answer 2

Regulates re-absorption. The hydro-static force of interstitial fluid against capillary.

Question 3

Petechiae

Answer 3

Type of hematoma, 1 mm diameter.

Question 4

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 4

Low platelet count in blood. Prolonged bleeding, spontaneous hemorrhaging. S/S: hematomas, epistaxis (nose bleeds), prolonged bleeding

Question 5

Rett syndrome - type and cause

Answer 5

X-linked dominant. Mutated Methyl-CpG-binding protein-2 (MeCP2), a regulator of gene expression. Mutated MeCP2 causes neuronal dysregulation. Males die in utero.

Question 6

DiGeorge syndrome

Answer 6

Example of aplasia. Chromosome 22 deletion - no thymus.

Question 7

Dysplasia

Answer 7

Abnormality of growth and differentiation

Question 8

Dystocia

Answer 8

Abnormal or difficult childbirth

Question 9

Blood hydro-static pressure

Answer 9

Regulates filtration. Force of fluid against the walls of vessels caused by contraction of heart.

Question 10

Interstitial fluid osmotic pressure

Answer 10

Regulates filtration. Higher molecularity of tissue proteins in interstitial fluid draw water out of the capillaries into interstitial space

Question 11

Hematoma

Answer 11

Collection of blood in the body’ tissue

Question 12

Contusion

Answer 12

Type of hematoma, a bruise.

Question 13

Hemophilia

Answer 13

Inability to clot blood bc of absent/ aberrant coagulation factor production; normal platelet numbers.

Question 14

Hypovolemic shock

Answer 14

Direct loss of effective circulating blood volume –> hypo-perfusion of tissues. Causes: hemorrhage, diarrhea, anaphylaxis

Question 15

Obstructive shock

Answer 15

Mechanical interference with structures surrounding heart that impact cardiac output. Ex. Cardiac temponade - fluid fills heart cavity, compressing the heart and preventing it from pumping blood.

Question 16

Septic shock

Answer 16

Systemic inflammatory response to infection or endotoxins in blood. Hypovolemia + DIC

Question 17

Phenotype

Answer 17

Physical expression resulting from genotype + env

Question 18

Polygenic inheritance

Answer 18

One trit is controlled by two or more genes. Ex: height, weight, skin colour

Question 19

Co-dominance

Answer 19

Both alleles are equally dominant, so both traits are expresses simultaneously - Ex ABO blood sys

Question 20

Substitution mutation

Answer 20

Replace one nucleotide with another