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BMTCP EMT > Mod 5 > Flashcards

Mod 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

active rewarming

A

application of an external heat source to rewarm the body of a hypothermic patient.

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2
Q

air embolism

A

gas bubble in the blood stream.

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3
Q

central rewarming

A

applying heat to he lateral chest,neck,armpits, and groin of hypothermic patient.

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4
Q

conduction

A

transfer of heat from one material to another through direct contact.

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5
Q

convection

A

carrying away of heat by currents of air, water, or other gasses/liquids.

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6
Q

decompression sickness

A

a conditio that resuts from nitrogen trapped in the body’s tissues, caused by coming up too quickly.

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7
Q

drowning

A

when you are suffocating underwater due to no oxygen

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8
Q

evaporation

A

the change from liquid to gas.

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9
Q

hyperthermia

A

elevated body temp. above normal, can be life threatening.

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10
Q

hypothermia

A

a cooling decreasing body temp below normal, life threatening.

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11
Q

local cooling

A

cooling/freezing of certin parts of the body.

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12
Q

passive rewarming

A

covering a hypothermic patientand doing other steps to prevent further heat loss and help body rewarm itself

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13
Q

radiation

A

sending out energy, like heat, in waves into space.

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14
Q

respiration

A

breathing. during this body heat is lost as warm air is exhaled from the body.

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15
Q

toxins

A

substances produced by animals or plants that are poisonous to humans.

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16
Q

venom

A

a toxin produced by certain animals such as snakes, spiders,etc,

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17
Q

water chill

A

chilling caused by conduction of heat from the bodywhen the body or clothing is wet.

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18
Q

wind chill

A

chilling caused by convection of heat from body in the presence of air currents.

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19
Q

air embolism

A

bubble of air in the bloodstream.

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20
Q

ataxic respirations

A

pattern of irreg. and unpredictable breathing commonly caused by brain injury.

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21
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

controls involuntary symptoms

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22
Q

central nervous system

A

the brain and the spinal cord

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23
Q

central neurogenic hyperventilation

A

a pattern of rapid and deep breathing caused by injury to the brain.

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24
Q

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

A

the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord.

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25
Q

Cheyne-Stokes breathing

A

distinct pattern of breathing characterized by quickening and deepening respirations followed by a period of apnea.

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26
Q

concussion

A

mild closed head injury without detectable damage to the brain,

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27
Q

contusion

A

a bruised brain caused when the force of a blow to the head is great enough to rupture blood vessels.

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28
Q

cranium

A

the bony parts of the head and neck that make up the skull

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29
Q

dermatome

A

an area of the skin that is innervated by a single spinal nerve

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30
Q

foramen magnum

A

opening at the base of skull through which a spinal cord passes from the brain,

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31
Q

hematoma

A

a collection of blood within the skull or brain

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32
Q

herniation

A

pushing of a portion of the brain downward toward the foramen as a result of increased intracranial pressure.

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33
Q

intracranial pressure (ICP)

A

pressure inside the skull

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34
Q

laceration

A

(in brain injuries) a cut to the brain

35
Q

malar

A

the cheekbone (also called the zygomatic bone)

36
Q

mandible

A

lower jawbone

37
Q

maxillae

A

the two fused bones froming the upper jaw

38
Q

nasal bones

A

the bones that form the upper third, or bridge of the nose

39
Q

nervous system

A

the brain and spinal cord as well as nerves. controls overall thought sensation, and bodys voluntary and involuntary motor functions.

40
Q

neurogenic shock

A

state of shock caused by nerve paralysis (can sometimes develop from spinal cord injuries)

41
Q

orbits

A

the eye sockets

42
Q

periperal nervous system

A

the nerves that enter and exit the spinal cord b/w the vertebrae, the 12 pairs of cranial nerves, and all of the body’s other motor and sensory nerves.

43
Q

arterial bleeding

A

bleeding from an artery

44
Q

capillary bleeding

A

bleeding from capillaries, characterized by slow oozing flow of blood.

45
Q

cardiogenic shock

A

shock brought on by the hear’s inadequate pumping action,

46
Q

compensated shock

A

when the patient is developing shock but the body is still able to maintain perfusion,

47
Q

decompensated shock

A

when the body can no longer compensate for low blood or lack of perfusion.

48
Q

hemorrhage

A

severe bleeding

49
Q

hemorrhagic shock

A

shock resulting from blood loss

50
Q

hemostatic agents

A

substances applied to open wounds to stop bleeding (such as powders, dressings or gauze)

51
Q

hypoperfusion

A

the body’s inability to adequately circulate blood to the cell’s to supply them with oxygen and nutrients.

52
Q

hypovolemic shock

A

shock resulting from blood or fluid loss

53
Q

neurogenic shock

A

hypoperfusion due to nerve paralysis resulting in the dilation of blood vessels that increases the volume of the circulatory system beyond the point where it can be filled.

54
Q

perfusion

A

the supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the body’s cells and tissues as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.

55
Q

pressure dressing

A

bulky dressing held in position with a tightly wrapped bandage, which helps control bleeding with pressure.

56
Q

shock

A

the body’s inability to circulate blood to the cells to supply them with nutrients and oxygen.

57
Q

tourniquet

A

a device used for bleeding control that constricts all blood flow to and from extremity

58
Q

venous bleeding

A

bleeding from a vein

59
Q

multiple trauma

A

more than one serious injury

60
Q

trauma score

A

system of evaluating trauma patients according to numerical rating system to determine the severity of patients trauma

61
Q

multisystem trauma

A

one of more injuries that affect more than one body system.

62
Q

evisceration

A

intestine or other internal organ protruding through a wound in the abdomen

63
Q

flail chest

A

fracture of 2 or more ribs in 2 or more places that allows for free movement of the fractured segments

64
Q

paradoxical motion

A

movement of ribs in a flail segment that is opposite ti the direction of movement of the rest of the chest cavity

65
Q

pneumothorax

A

air in the chest cavity

66
Q

sucking chest wound

A

an open chest wound in which air is sucked into the chest cavity.

67
Q

tension pneumothorax

A

type of pneumothorax in which air that enters chest cavity is prevented from escaping

68
Q

angulated fracture

A

fracture where the broken bone segments are at an angle to each other

69
Q

bones

A

hard but flexible living structures that provide support for the body and protect the vital organs

70
Q

cartilage

A

tough tissue that covers the joint end of bones and forms certain body parts like the ear

71
Q

closed extremity injury

A

an injury with no associated opening in the skin

72
Q

comminuted fracture

A

a fracture in which the bone is broken in several places

73
Q

compartment syndrome

A

injury caused when tissuessuch as blood vessels are constricted within a space from swelling or from a tight dressing or cast

74
Q

crepitus

A

grating sensation when fractured bone ends rub together

75
Q

dislocation

A

the coming apart of a joint

76
Q

extremities

A

portions of the skeleton that include the clavicles, scapulae, arms, wrists, hands, and the pelvis, thighs, legs, ankles, and feet.

77
Q

fracture

A

any break in a bone

78
Q

greenstick fracture

A

an incomplete fracture

79
Q

joints

A

places where bones meet

80
Q

ligaments

A

tissues that connect bone to bone

81
Q

manual traction

A

process of applying tension to straighten and realign a fractured limb before splinting

82
Q

muscles

A

tissues or fibers that cause movement of body parts and organs

83
Q

open extremity injury

A

an extremity injury in which skin has been broken or torn through from the inside by an injured bone or from the outside by something thats caused a penetrating wound with associated injury to the bone.

BMTCP EMT (5 decks)

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