Mod 4 - Routine Blood Collection Flashcards
what is the most common needle gauge for evacuated venipunctures
21 gauge
what is the common needle gauge range for evacuated venipunctures
21-23
what is the common needle length range for evacuated venpunctures
1-1.5 inches
t/f: adult collection tubes can be used on kids
false
anticoagulant tubes are also called
plasma tubes
blood culture tubes have
sodium polyanethole sulfonate (SPS)
light blue tubes have
sodium citrate
light blue tubes are used for
coagulation tests
green tubes have
sodium, lithium, or ammonia heparin
green tubes are used for
check chemical levels in blood
purple/lavender tubes have
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)
lavender tubes are used for
whole blood hematology
gray tubes have
potassium oxalate/sodium fluoride
gray tubes are used for
glucose or alcohol levels
royal blue tubes have
clot activator or EDTA
royal blue tubes are used for
trace element testing
light yellow tubes have
acid citrate dextrose (ACD)
light yellow tubes are used for
blood bank studies and DNA testing
serum tubes are used for
blood tests that need the blood to clot
what colors are serum tubes
red, gold, or orange
why do glass serum tubes have no additives
the silica in the glass/silicone blown into the tubes help it clot
plastic red and gold tubes have
clot activator
red and gold tubes are used for
chemistry determinations
orange tubes have
thrombin-based clot activator
orange tubes are used for
state chemistry determination
what is it called when a gel separator is in a serum tube
serum separator tube (SST)
what is it called when the gel separator is in a plasma tube
plasma separator tube (PST)
what is the purpose of gel separator
assist in the processing of the blood after tube is centrifuged
what are the most common syringe sizes used when drawing blood with the syringe method
10-20 mL
what needles are used for syringe blood draw
same as evacuated (21-23 G and 1-1 1/2 in long)
how long is a butterfly needle
3/4 inch
expiry dates should be checked on
tubes and needles
should you collect blood from a site that has a tatoo
no
where should blood be drawn if there is an IV
- below the IV site with the IVs off
- use the opposite arm
which should be used the first, hand or basilic vein
hand
the tourniquet should be ___above the site
3-4 inches
define HEMOCONCENTRATION
excessive accumulation of blood into area of body from tourniquet or pumping fist
what can be used if a tourniquet is not available
BP cuff inflated to 40
what are some replacements for alcohol to cleanse the skin
chlorhexidine gluconate and povidone-iodine
should you use a alcohol wipe to prep the site when you are testing BAC
no
what should be used to prep the site for blood culture collection
- povidone-iodine
- chlorhexidine gluconate
- alcohol and povidone combination
the proper angle for a dorsal hand blood collection is
10
define TRANSFIX
puncture thru both sides of the vein causing failed collection
what comes first when collecting blood culture, aerobic or anaerobic
- anaerobic first if with a syringe
- aerobic first if using butterfly
what is the order of draw
- blood culture/yellow (sps)
- light blue
- serum (red/gold/tiger/red&black)
- orange (RST)
- green
- lavender
- pink
- gray
- light yellow (ACD)
- royal or dark blue
yellow stopper tubes with SPS are used for
bacterial studies
serum tubes need to be allowed to clot for ___ before centrifugation
30 min
what are some common blood chemistry tests
- electrolytes
- kidney function test/renal panel
- liver function
- basic metabolic panel
- comprehensive metabolic panel
serum tubes are often colored
- red
- gold
- tiger
- red and black
orange tubes are RST. what does RST mean
rapid serum tubes
when are orange tubes
stat serum tube for blood chemistry
how long does orange tubes need to clot
5 min
what are common hematology tests
CBC, RBC, WBC, Hematocrit, platelet, hemoglobin, PT, PTT, INR
green tubes are used for
- test blood serum
- stat blood chemistry
pink stopper tubes have
EDTA
pink stopper tubes are used for
blood bank collections
royal blue tubes can have
EDTA, sodium citrate, heparin, or serum
what should be done before drawing blood for a light blue tube
fill a clear discard tube
why is EDTA used for hematology tests
help preserve shape of cells and reduce platelet clumping
why is heparin used for most chemistry tests
prevent blood clots from causing falsely elevated results
why is potassium oxalate/sodium fluoride used for glucose testing
preserve glucose and prevent glycolysis
unconsciousness that lasts longer than ___ min require additional medical assistance/911/alert emergency professionals
2 min
what can be a cause of phlebitis
accessing one vein repeatedly
should you stop a blood collection if you notice petechiae
no
chances of petechiae increase for pts with
platelet abnormalities
petechiae can result from
tourniquet is too tight or left on too long
how many inversions does a light yellow SPS tube require
8-10
how many inversions does a light blue tube require
3-4
how may inversions do SST tubes require
5
how many inversions do green tubes require
8-10
how many inversions do lavender tubes require
8-10
how many inversions do gray tubes require
8-10
define IATROGENIC ANEMIA
anemia from collecting too much blood from pt by volume in given time
define HEMATOCRIT
part of blood expressed by percentage by volume and consists of packaged RBCs
what is the capillary order of draw
- blood gas
- purple/lavender/pink/pearl
- green
- any other additive specimens
- serum
using povidone-iodine during a capillary specimen collection can affect the
potassium levels by increasing it
A TOURNIQUET WAS LEFT ON FOR 3 MIN WHEN DOING A POTASSIUM TEST, CBC, AND GLUCOSE TEST. WHAT IS AN EXPECTED OUTCOME
high potassium
the reference range for WBC count is
4.4-11/mm^3
