Mod. 3 Identity And Distinctness/Dualism Flashcards
What is a qualitative claim?
Yes a claim about multiple claims sharing certain qualities.
What is numerical identity(or strict identity)?
It’s that A and B are one and the same thing, one thing is labeled as both A and B. It’s the relation a thing has with itself and nothing else.
What is numerical identity?
One side is identified with the other. Y=5x. Y and 5x are two ways of representing the same thing. A is identical to B. A=B.
What is distinctness?
It’s the denial of numerical identity. It is not synonymous with “different” because 2 people might not be different from each other, but they are distinct from one another.
Does distinct also mean separate?
No, for example a car is distinct from its tires but it’s not separate from them.
Science of the mind is what?
It’s empirical, we observe minds in the world to generalize on what they’re like and how they work.
Philosophy of the mind is what?
It’s analytical, we interpret what we know of minds using thought experiments to theorize about what kind of a thing minds are and how they fit into our picture of reality.
What is dualism in theory of mind?
It’s the idea that minds and mental states are nonphysical.
What is materialism or physicalism in theory of mind?
It’s the idea that minds and mental states are purely physical. That they are simply brains and brain states, or they are caused by them and nothing beyond the physical is posited.
If materialism is true, mental states are —— by brain states.
Fully determined.
If dualism is true, mental states are —- by brain states.
Not fully determined. Figuring out all the physical facts isn’t enough to explain the mental facts, non-physical facts also needed.
What is introspection?
-consciousness seems to be something beyond the physical.
(Support for Dualism) Theology:
-A nonphysical mine fits with the idea of surviving bodily death whereas a physical kind dies when brain activity does.
What is substance dualism?
The idea that the mind is a nonphysical substance.
