Mod 2. Kinds Of Knowledge/The Nature Of Propositional Knowledge

Question 1

What is procedural knowledge?

Answer 1

Called competence or know-how
Ex: one knowing how to ride a bike

Question 2

What is acquaintance knowledge?

Answer 2

familiarity
Ex: one knowing the department chairperson

Question 3

What type of knowledge do epistemologists focus on?

Answer 3

Propositional knowledge

Question 4

What is propositional knowledge?

Answer 4

Can be called knowledge that are expressed using “that” clauses.

Ex:He knows ((that)) Houston is in Texas.

Question 5

What is non-empirical(PRIORI) knowledge?

Answer 5

A type of knowledge a person has when they know something without having any evidence from experience l, justification for knowing comes from thought.

Question 6

What is epistemology?

Answer 6

The study of knowledge

Question 7

What is empirical(POSTERIORI) knowledge?

Answer 7

•Is about substantive matters(how things actually are in the world)
•is about having relations between ideas and things
•encompasses more than immediate observation

Question 8

If any ethical claims are true, any knowledge we have of them must be a what?

Answer 8

A priori

Question 9

What is the law of non-contradiction?

Answer 9

It’s the law of logic according to which two contradictory propositions can’t both be true.

Question 10

What is the non-cognitivist theory about ethical claims?

Answer 10

They believe that ethical claims cannot be either true or false.

Question 11

What is the cognitivist theory about ethical claims?

Answer 11

Their theory is that ethical claims can be either true or false even if we might not know which.

Question 12

What is a belief?

Answer 12

The attitude that a proposition is true, it represents a possible state of affairs as actual.

Question 13

What are occurrent beliefs?

Answer 13

Beliefs that an individual is actively entertaining.

Question 14

What are non-occurrent beliefs?

Answer 14

Beliefs that an individual has in the background but is not entertaining at a particular time. Most of our knowledge is non-occurrent.

Question 15

What is truth?

Answer 15

It’s a condition of knowledge and if a belief is not true it cannot constitute knowledge.

Question 16

Can all true beliefs constitute knowledge?

Answer 16

No, only true beliefs arrived at in the right way do.

Question 17

What is fallibilism?

Answer 17

It’s the view that it’s possible to have knowledge even when one’s true belief might have turned out to be false,

Question 18

Because of luck a belief can be what?

Answer 18

A belief can be unjustified yet true and because of human fallibility, a belief can be justified yet false.

Question 19

A thinker T knows that a proposition P is true if and only if

Answer 19

1) P is true,
2) T believes that P is true, and
3) T is justified in believing that P is true.

Question 20

Directly from PC (To know something is a priori is to know it is independent of experience.) T or F

Answer 20

True

Question 21

PC (Knowledge based on observation is what)

Answer 21

A priori

Question 22

Pc Is knowledge based on observation as posteriori?

Answer 22

No, false

Question 23

PC (Knowledge of relations among ideas is what?)

Answer 23

A priori

Question 24

PC (To know something a posteriori is to know it from experience. T or F)

Answer 24

True