Mod 3: Gen Pt Care 2 (56%) Flashcards
define MEDICAL RECONCILLIATION
compare pt current list of medications to list on records
the sterile field on a mayo stand should be located where in relation to your body
slightly above the waist and at least 12 inches from the body
when opening a sterile packet on the mayo stand, what is the order the flaps should be opened
flap farthest from you, the sides, flap closest to you
a border of __ around the sterile drape is considered nonsterile
1 inch
what are the do nots of a sterile field
- do not leave unattended
- do not reach over
- do not turn away
items within the sterile field that need to be rearranged should be moved with
sterile forceps
absorption of absorbable sutures gen happens around
5-20 days
the more o’s the
smaller the gauge
what is thicker 2-o or 8-o
2-o
delicate tissue such as the face and neck generally uses ____ sutures
5-o to 6-o
the benefits of staples are that they can be put under
high tension
places that staples may be used are
trunk, extremities, and scalp
staples should be removed in
4-14 days
sutures that are crusting should be ___ before being removed
soaked with saline
t/f the skin should be cleansed with alcohol or povidone-iodine solution before removing sutures
true
when you are removing stitches, you notice the wound is gaping/bleeding/there is exudate, what do you do
stop and notify the provider
what can be used to assist reinforcement of wound closure once sutures are removed
butterfly strips
should you lift the staple remover when squeezing the handle to remove staples
no
aka severe hypoglycemia
insulin shock
pt is presenting with irritability, moodiness/change in behavior, sweating, hunger, and rapid heart rate. what may they be experiencing
mild hypoglycemia
pt is presenting with fainting, seizures, confusion, headache, coma, and potentially death. what may they be experiencing
severe hypoglycemia
tx hypoglycemia
glucagon/sugar
pt is presenting w/thirst, muscle cramping, lightheadedness, chest pain, confusion, lethargy, and potentially death. they recently experienced a significant loss of fluid through severe dehydration and hemorrhaging. what may they be experiencing.
hypovolemic shock
pt is experiencing muscle cramping, sweating, pale and clammy skin. what may they be experiencing
heat exhaustion or heat stroke
tx hypovolemic shock
control blood loss, blood transfusion, fluids
pt is experiencing frostbite, red and tingling skin, pale and numb skin, shivering, confusion, paleness, and loss of consciousness. what may they be experiencing
hypothermia or frostbite
pt is pale, perspiring, and complains of nausea/dizziness. what may they be experiencing
syncope
shock can result from
trauma, electrical injury, insulin shock, hemorrhage, drug reaction, illness, respiratory distress, fever, heart attack, and poisoning
if someone is going into shock, what is the first thing that should be done if they are available (after calling 911)
lay pt down and elevate legs and feet slightly
the pt may experience these after having a seizure
confusion, headache, exhaustion
sx of poisoning include
discoloration/burns on lips, unusual odor, emesis, presence of suspicious container, drowsiness, unconsciousness, difficulty/stopped breathing, seizures
what is the first steps to control arterial bleeding
put pressure with sterile gauze and elevate site of bleeding (put tourniquet if necessary)
when cleaning a wound, how should it be done
from top to bottom
what should be done when changing dressings that are stuck to a wound
soak the dressing in sterile saline or sterile water
difference between dressings and bandages?
- dressings are sterile and cover wounds
- bandages are nonsterile and cover dressings
what are the 3 phases of wound healing
inflammatory, proliferative, maturation
the inflammatory phase takes
3-4 days
the proliferating phase takes
4-21 days
the maturation phase takes
21 days - 2 years
describe the inflammatory phase
- blood clot forms
- pain, swelling, loss of function at wound site
describe the proliferating phase
fibrin extend across wound and scab begins to form
describe the maturation phase
wound closes and scar thins and fades
wound complications include
infection, hemorrhage, dehiscence, and evisceration
define DEHISCENCE
separation of wound edges
define EVISCERATION
separation of wound edges and protrusion of abdominal organs
burns that cover ______ require hospitalization
more than 10% of the body
sx first degree burn
red and discolored skin with slight swelling
sx of second degree burn
red or mottled skin, skin is wet, pain and swelling, blisters
sx third degree burns
skin is charred and white & less pain
t/f: fourth degree burns are often painless
true (the nerve endings are usually destroyed)
how should minor burns be tx
- put under cool running water for 10 min
- apply lotion w/aloe vera or cocoa butter
- wrap loosely with clean bandage
if a blister from a burn breaks, how should it be treated
- gently clean with water
- apply antibiotic ointment
- cover burn with clean bandage
what should be done to treat a major burn
- remove jewelry/belts/other tight items
- loosely cover area with gauze or clean cloth
- raise burn above heart
- watch for signs of shock
- separate fingers if affected
why should tight things be removed form burn pts
burned areas swell
atropine is given for
bradycardia
prochlorperazine suppositories are give for
nausea and vomiting
sx of an MI include
- chest pain/heaviness/discomfort
- pain/discomfort in one or both arms/back/shoulders/neck/jaw/abdomen
- SOB when resting/slight physical activity
- excessive sweating for no reason
- feeling unusually fatigued
- nausea/vomiting
- rapid or irregular heartbeat
- lightheadedness/sudden dizziness
when performing CPR, a pulse should not be palpated for more than
10 seconds
DME are
medical devices/supplies that can be used repeatedly
aka DMEs
DMEPOS
what are the requirements for DMEs
- serve medical purpose
- be prescribed/ordered by provider
- able to be used repeatedly
- have expected lifetime of at least 3 years
- be used in home
- only be useful to pts who have injury/disability
