Mod 2 Mock Exam (version 2) Flashcards
Name 3 types of advanced airway and briefly explain each one
- Supraglottic airway (iGel) – Sit over laryngeal frame work and closes epiglottis
- Surgical Cricothyroidotomy – An incision made through cricothyroid membrane through which a cuffed tube is introduced to maintain a clear and protected airway
- Endotracheal Intubation – Introduction of cuffed tube through larynx into trachea to maintain a clear, protected airway
Define Intravenous cannulation
A device that is inserted into a peripheral vein to take a blood sample or administrations of fluids and/or drugs
Name the 2 types of IV fluids we use
- Crystalloid fluids – solutions of small molecules of water (e.g. sodium chloride, glucose, hartmann’s)
- Colloid fluids – blood products
What is the process to decompress some ones chest in case of a tension pneumothorax
Needle Thoracocentesis - Insertion of a wide bore cannula through the 2nd intercostal space in the mid clavicular line, above the third rib; to alleviate a life threatening tension pneumothorax
Name the 3 F Med forms and when they would be used
- F Med 5 – Routine
- F Med 143 – Prelims
- F Med 826 – Field medical card
Define last offices
Last offices is the care given to a deceased patient, which demonstrates our respect for the dead and is focussed on fulfilling religious and cultural beliefs as well as Health and Safety an legal requirements
Name 12 aspects of daily living
- Maintaining a safe environment
- Communication
- Breathing
- Eating and drinking
- Eliminating
- Personal cleansing
- Dressing (body temp control), mobilising
- Working and pay
- Express sexuality
- Sleeping
- Dying
Outline the 5 priorities of triage
Priority 1 (T1) - Immediate treatment (RED)
Priority 2 (T2) - Urgent treatment (YELLOW)
Priority 3 (T3) - Delayed treatment (GREEN)
Priority 4 (T4) - Expectant
Dead - Dead
Describe the three levels of command
- Gold (Strategic)
- Silver (Tactical)
- Bronze (Operational)
Name the four stages of digestion
- Ingestion
- Digestion
- Absorption
- Elimination
Briefly describe the 4 stage of digestion
- Ingestion - Food is masticated (chewed), mixed with saliva, then pass to stomach
- Digestion - Food mixed with acid enzymes in stomach (chyme), passed to small intestine
*Absorption - chyme continues
through intestine, nutrients absorbed through small, water through large intestine
*Elimination (defecation) -elimination of waste
Define enzymes
A chemical substance which causes or accelerates a chemical change in another substance without being changed itself
Define peristalsis
A wave of contraction caused by contraction of longitudinal and circumferential involuntary (smooth) muscle in the wall of the digestive tract
How long is esophagus
25cm
Name 10 primary components of the digestive system and give one function for each one
- Mouth - Entry point for food, saliva released by salivary gland when we smell food, chewing (mastication) breaks food down, tongue helps to mix food with saliva, tongue and soft palate help move food to pharynx and esophagus
- Pharynx - The throat is transition point from mouth to esophagus, the epiglottis aims to prevent food going down the trachea (wrong path) and aims to ensure food goes down the esophagus to the stomach
- Esophagus - A muscular tube that contracts and relaxes (peristalsis) to move food towards the muscular valve (lower esophageal sphincter) which will relax to let food into the stomach. 25cm long
- Stomach - Glands lining the stomach release acid and enzymes that break down food further. The muscles in the stomach mix the food. Transforming food you eat into chyme (thick creamy fluid)
- Duodenum - First part of small intestine, further food breakdown
- Small Intestine - Two parts (jejunum & ileum), absorption of nutrients into bloodstream through intestine walls. Left over and waste is move to large intestine
- Large Intestine - Four parts (ascending, transverse, descending & sigmoid). Solidifies waste products (by absorbing water) forming a stool
- Rectum and Anus - Stool is stored in rectum, once there feedback sent to brain for need of bowl movement. Stoll then moved through anus and out of the body
- Liver - Production of bile for fat digestion and elimination, nutrients stored in liver, toxins and chemicals filtered by liver. Heat production, energy store, converts glucose to glycogen and vis versa. Metabolising alcohol
- Pancreas - Regulation of blood sugar, production of insulin, production of digestive enzymes (exocrine system)
- Peritoneum - Thin membrane lining abdominal and pelvic cavities
- Gallbladder - Bile stored and realised, when fatty food enters duodenum gallbladder contracts and realises bile
