Mod 12 Concerns About ABA‑Based Intervention: An Evaluation and Recommendations (Leaf et al.)

Question 1

Applied Behavior Analysis refers to the application of behavior analytic principles to improve what kind of behavior?

problematic behavior
socially significant behavior
unwanted behavior
challenging behavior

Answer 1

socially significant behavior

Question 2

In what way can we examine the more commonly expressed concerns of ABA from its consumers?

Rely on our professional experience to make the best decision for them.
Listen to, reflect on, and address their concerns.
Use personal experience to examine the concerns.
Compare the concerns of ABA’s consumers to our own.

Answer 2

Listen to, reflect on, and address their concerns.

Question 3

Autistics/individuals diagnosed with ASD and neurotypical individuals both have the same what?

reinforcers
learning history
rights
behaviors

Answer 3

rights

Question 4

What effect did Lovaas and colleagues’ work have on the quality of life for autistics/individuals with autism?

(Select all that apply)

found a cure for autism.
ended the standard of institutionalization.
removed the need for restraints.
no improvements were made.

Answer 4

ended the standard of institutionalization.
removed the need for restraints.

Question 5

What guiding principle of the YAP did Lovaas follow?
Using only reinforcement procedures.
Using a 100:1 reinforcement to punishment ratio.
Never using aversive control.
Using aversive control for obsessive behaviors.

Answer 5

Using a 100:1 reinforcement to punishment ratio.

Question 6

How many hours of intervention did each participant within the YAP receive?

as many as needed
40 hours per week
an average of 40 per week
20 hours per week

Answer 6

as many as needed

Question 7

Studies have shown the number of hours an individual receives of ABA-based intervention has no correlation to the improvement of a range of measures.

True
False

Answer 7

False

Question 8

The number of ABA-based intervention hours recommended for autistics/individuals with ASD is most reflective of what?

the average number of hours spent engaging in unwanted behavior
the average number of hours children spend playing
the average number of hours children spend in school
the average number of hours spent in other therapies

Answer 8

the average number of hours children spend in school

Question 9

You are a BCBA working with a client who engages in aggressive behavior towards others in the form of pinching. You evaluate the behavior and develop a customized protocol intended to decrease the rate of pinching. Since implementing a new protocol, their aggressive behavior has improved significantly and rarely occurs anymore. One of your new clients begins engaging in a very similar aggression towards others, also in the form of pinching. What should your next steps be?

Answer 9

evaluate your new client’s behavior and develop an individualized behavior change plan

Question 10

Punishment is a naturally occurring
__________ of behavior

Answer 10

principle,

Question 11

Extinction is when what occurs?

a reinforcer is never delivered
a preferred item is not available
a previously delivered reinforcer is no longer delivered
an alternative behavior is reinforced

Answer 11

a previously delivered reinforcer is no longer delivered

Question 12

How can the side effects of extinction such as extinction bursts be reduced?

use punishment procedures to reduce extinction bursts
use differential reinforcement to reinforce an alternate response
continue to reinforce only some of the behaviors being extinguished
discontinue reinforcement for any behavior related to the extinction burst

Answer 12

use differential reinforcement to reinforce an alternate response

Question 13

Behavior analysts must often address their client’s stereotypic behaviors in preparation of the treatment that they may receive in their naturalistic environment. How should these stereotypic behaviors be addressed by the behavior analyst?

Answer 13

in a way enables the client’s repertoire to choose when to engage in stereotypy

Question 14

More research on stereotypic behavior could provide information on the effects certain forms of stereotypy have on socially significant behaviors. How could this benefit ABA-based intervention?

(Select all that apply)

it could help us provide a rationale for using punishment to decrease stereotypy
it could provide evidence for why stereotypic behaviors are unacceptable
it could help us teach others to be more tolerant of stereotypic behaviors
it could provide new ways to decrease stereotypic behavior

Answer 14

it could help us teach others to be more tolerant of stereotypic behaviors
it could provide new ways to decrease stereotypic behavior

Question 15

Social validity should include the involvement of individuals with ASD in goal selection.

True
False

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Individuals with ASD benefit from learning language with ABA-based intervention by learning to do what?

(Select all that apply)

communicate with others
express their emotions
practice self-advocacy
express displeasure

Answer 16

all of the above

Question 17

By teaching skills such as waiting, tolerating denial, changes in routine, etc., the behavior analyst is teaching what?

targets to meet intervention goals
responses needed to obtain a reinforcer
skills that will improve the client’s quality of life
skills to avoid aversive stimuli

Answer 17

skills that will improve the client’s quality of life

Question 18

A behavior analyst should always include their client in goal selection. If the client lacks the language skills to communicate their wants/needs, the behavior analyst should do what?

Answer 18

communicate with the client’s guardians on what goals to select

Question 19

The reports which Sandoval-Nortol and Shkedy’s arguments are based on lack what?

(Select all that apply)

replication
a connection to ASD
reliability
a connection to ABA

Answer 19

all of the above

Question 20

What does it mean to be “compassionately skeptical”?

(Select all that apply)
listening to individuals who have experienced unethical practices
showing compassion towards consumers of ABA-based intervention
learning from the experiences of individuals with ASD

Answer 20

all of the above

Question 21

Behavior analysts should include what quality of life measures?

(Select all that apply)

the client’s affect
the practitioner’s preferred responses
the development of social networks
the development of friendships

Answer 21

the client’s affect
the development of social networks
the development of friendships