mock revision 6-8

Question 1

glucoes is unstble so turns into ……. to be transported in phloem. then to …… and then ….. for storage

Answer 1

sucroes
glucoes
starch

Question 2

glucoes is used for

Answer 2

cellulose in cell walls and for nectar

Question 3

……is vital for chlorophyll

Answer 3

magnesium, there is a mg in the center of each one

Question 4

plants will use nitrate for making

Answer 4

amino acids

Question 5

Waxy cuticle

Answer 5

Prevents evaporation of h2o

Question 6

Palisade tissue

Answer 6

Has chloroplast

Question 7

Upper and lower epidermis

Answer 7

Protects inner layers of leaf

Question 8

Mesophyll layers

Answer 8

The middle layers with palisade mesophyll (packed closely together) and spongy mesophyll (packed loosely together) so co2 can get to palisade and o2 can leave

Question 9

Stomata

Answer 9

Cells with holes and guard cells controlling the opening and closing, control diffusion of co2 and o2

Question 10

Vascular bundles go through

Answer 10

Go through mesophyll and carry water and food from the leaf

Question 11

Top 7 nutrients:

Answer 11

Carbohydrates: supply energy
Fats: supplies energy
Proteins: growth and repair (only one which don’t get digested in mouth or stomach)
Vitamins: C- helps wound healing, keeps healthy blood vessels, skin, cartilage and bones.
D- regulates calcium and phosphate, healthy bones and muscles.
Mineral ions: Calcium- strengthens bones and teeth, helps with muscle contractions and clotting of wounds. Iron- produces haemoglobin for red blood cells
Fiber: helps digestion and moving on faeces in gut
Water: needed for everything

Question 12

Gall bladder:

Answer 12

helps digest fats, stores bile liver produces

Question 13

Vitamin D (oily fish) deficiency-

Answer 13

rickets- bone pain, weak muscles, skeletal deformities, bending of legs

Question 14

Vitamin C (fruit) deficiency-

Answer 14

scurvy- joint pain, tiredness, bleeding gums, bruise easily

Question 15

Ingestion

Answer 15

is taking in substances from mouth

Question 16

Digestion

Answer 16

is breaking down food into nutrients

Question 17

absorption

Answer 17

is the movement of small food molecules and ions through small intestine wall into blood

Question 18

Assimilation

Answer 18

is movement of digested food into cells where they are needed

Question 19

Egestion

Answer 19

is passing out unused food

Question 20

Alimentary canal

Answer 20

= mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine (absorb nutrients) (duodenum, ileum), large intestine (absorb water and salts) (colon, rectum), anus

Question 21

Pancreas

Answer 21

produces pancreatic juice which helps in chemical digestion of fats, carbohydrates and proteins, it is alkali which helps neutralise food leaving stomach

Question 22

the teeth:

Answer 22

Incisors- sharp, biting an apple

Canines- pointed, tearing off meat

Premolars- tearing and grinding

Molars- grinding, crushing

Question 23

the teeth parts

Answer 23

Enamel- hard outer white layer

Dentine- most of the teeth is made of this

Pulp- contains blood vessels and nerves, centre of tooth

Nerves- bottom of tooth, so you know how hard you are biting

Cement- attaches tooth to jaw

Question 24

Digestive enzymes-

Answer 24

Amylase- breaks down starch into simple sugars called maltose in SI and mouth

Protease- pepsin found in stomach, and trypsin found in SI, break proteins into amino acids

Lipase- breaks down fats to fatty acids and breaks down glycerol. Secreted in pancreas, lots in SI

Gastric juice is secreted in stomach and contains hydrochloric acid (PH of 1.5-3.5), produces enzymes and kills bacteria from food

Question 25

Xylem

Answer 25

: located in vascular bundles

Cells are dead and have no nucleus, which creates more space for water

Hollow tubes

Transports water and dissolved ions from roots to stem and leaves (only goes up)

Provides support to keep plant upright

Lignin gives thick walls for support

It goes from roots to leaves

Question 26

Phloem

Answer 26

: in vascular bundles

Transports amino acids and sucrose (made in leaves)

Goes up or down

Question 27

Water uptake goes(parts)

Answer 27

= root hair cells- root cortex cells (inside roots)- xylem vessels (from roots)- mesophyll cells in leaf

Question 28

transpiration

Answer 28

water leaving leaves to keep plants cool, so enzymes done denature, increased by wind and heat, decreased by humidity, evaporates from stomata,

Question 29

translocation

Answer 29

movement of sucroes and amino acids through phloem (autum up, summer down), from a source to a sink where they are needed