Mock Exam Part 2, #61-75

Question 1

Ovarian cysts that are :
______
______
______

are generally observed and typically resolve within 2 menstrual cycles

Answer 1

• under 8 cm
• unilocular
• unilateral

Question 2

Cysts that are:

are worrisome for neoplasm, dermoid cysts, or endometriomas

Answer 2

large (>8 cm)
solid
multiloculated

Question 3

• an ovarian germ cell neoplasm that presents as a multicystic mass that contains various types of tissue including fat, skin, hair, and teeth
• occur between age 10 and 30 years

Answer 3

dermoid cyst

Question 4

midcycle pain at the time of ovulation caused by normal follicular enlargement prior to ovulation or follicular bleeding at ovulation. Pain is usually mild and lasts a few hours up to a few days.

Answer 4

Mittelschmerz

Question 5

Postmenopausal bleeding is any bleeding that occurs ___________ after cessation of menstruation.

Answer 5

>12 months

Question 6

Amenorrhea is bleeding that is absent for

Answer 6

>6 months

Question 7

Abnormal uterine bleeding is bleeding that is abnormal in regularity, volume, frequency, or duration. Bleeding may be acute or chronic and is present for ___________

Answer 7

at least 6 months

Question 8

Prolonged menstrual bleeding are menstrual periods that exceed ____________ duration on a regular basis.

Answer 8

8 days

Question 9

General management for Massive or Life-Threatening Bleeding

Answer 9

Conjugated equine estrogen (Premarin) 25 milligrams IV every 4–6 hours until bleeding diminishes/stops

and

Tranexamic acid

Question 10

General management for Hemodynamically Stable or Ovulatory Dysfunction AUB

Answer 10

Combined OCP contains ≤35 micrograms of ethinyl estradiol

Medroxyprogesterone acetate 20 milligrams PO 3 times a day for 7 days
Or
Once daily for 10 days

• Naproxen 500 milligrams twice a day
• ibuprofen 400 milligrams every 6 hours
• mefenamic acid, 500 milligrams 3 times daily for 4–5 days or until bleeding stops

Question 11

Adolescent Causes of Bleeding

Answer 11

• Anovulation (hypothalamic- pituitary-ovarian immaturity)
• Pregnancy
• Exogenous hormones or OCP
• Coagulopathy
• Pelvic infections

Question 12

Postmenopausal Causes of Bleeding

Answer 12

• Atrophic vaginitis (30%)
• Exogenous hormone use (30%)
• Endometrial lesions, including cancer (30%)
• Other tumor—vulvar, vaginal, cervical (10%)

Question 13

Painful grouped vesicles on an erythematous base, with clear discharge located on the distal finger or hand

Answer 13

Herpetic whitlow

1 week of valacyclovir, 1 gram orally twice a day

Question 14

new emerging disease and the *third most common chronic mycobacterial infection in humans after tuberculosis and leprosy

• rapidly growing caused by the acid-fast bacillus, Mycobacterium ulcerans

Answer 14

Buruli ulcer

Question 15

best method for early diagnosis of Buruli ulcer

Answer 15

Polymerase chain reaction PCR performed on a fresh biopsy is the

Question 16

Buruli ulcer

Treatment and Prognosis

Answer 16

Without treatment , ulcers may spontaneously heal within 6 to 9 months, or they may spread rapidly, causing extensive deformity

WHO: rifampin and streptomycin dual therapy for 8 weeks, local wound care, and physical therapy

AUSTRALIA: rifampin plus clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, or moxifloxacin for 12 weeks

antimycobacterial treatment is ineffective, surgical debridement with skin grafting is the next choice

Question 17

An erythematous nodule that progresses to a painless ulcer with deep white and yellow necrotic base with undermined edges surrounded by edema

Answer 17

Buruli Ulcer

Question 18

What is the 4 Centor criteria?

Answer 18

CErvical adenopathy
No cough
TOnsillar exudate
FevER

Question 19

Lemierre’s syndrome

Answer 19

Caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum

suppurative thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein, with or without bacteremia and septic emboli

Question 20

True or false

Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus has never been resistant to penicillin, so penicillin remains the recommended **first-line **drug for group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus

Answer 20

True