Mock Exam Part 2, #31-60 Reviewer Flashcards
prominent lower jaw, elevated mandible and localized tenderness to the tragus. Mandibular dislocation is most likely
anterior dislocation
first-line therapy for Group A B-hemolytic Streptococcus pharyngitis in patients with no known drug allergies
Penicillin
Most common cause of sudden hearing loss
Idiopathic
In hypothyrodism, the dose of thyroxine T4 should be increased by approximately ___% as as soon as pregnancy is confirmed
30%
The thyroid function should be checked every 8 weeks
In thyroid replacement therapy of myxedema crisis, this is started first
IV THYROXINE (LEVOTHYROXINE
at 4 mcg/kg (typically 200-4000 mcg as initial dose), followe in 24 h by 100 mcg IV then 50 mcg IV until oral medicaiotns is tolerated
Starting dose in the elderly is 100 mcg IV
IV triiotothyronine (liothyronine) can be added if treatment with IV levothyroxine alone is not effective or in patients with persistent hemodynamic instability or poor respiratory effort
Altered mental status in myxedema crisis can result from
CO2 narcosis or hypoglylcemia
typical stress dose for patients receiving chronic steroids
3x the daily maintenance dose of glucocorticoid
Most common agent used to correct bleeding in patients with uremic plately dysfunction
desmopressin
most prevalent inherited hypercoagulable disorder
Activated Protein C resistance
caused by Factor V Leiden mutations
TRUE or FALSE
Patients with mild hemophilia A with mild bleeding still always require factor replacement
FALSE
these patients may be treated with **desmopressin*, which stimulates release of VWF, promoting increase of Factor VIII in plasma
Most common inherited bleeding disorder
Von Willebrand’s disease
Which is the leading cause of death in patients with sickle cell anemia in the US
acute chest syndrome
8 medications causing acute hemolysis in patients with G6PD deficiency
- Dapsone
- Phenazopyridine
- Nitrofurantoin
- Primaquine
- Rasburicase
- Pegloticase
- Methylene blue (methylthioninium chloride)
- Toluidine blue (tolonium chloride)
triad of hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS)
ART
Anemia (MAHA)
Renal failure
Thrombocytopenia
classic pentad for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
FAART
Fever
Altered sensorium
Anemia (MAHA)
Renal failure
Thromcotytopenia
Initial dose of platelet concentrate (pooled donor platelet)
6 units or 5 mL/kg
(50-60 mL/unit)
each unit contains platelets 8-9x 10^10/unit
an initial dose of platelets raises platelet count by
up to 50,000/mm3
initial dose of pRBC
2 units (adult)
an initial dose of PRBC hgb and hct by
hgb by 2g/dL
hct by 6%
Initial dose of FFP
4 units or 15mL/kg
200-350 mL/unit
each unit contains 200-250 units of each individual coagulation factor and 400-500 units of fibrinogen
an initial dose of FFP increases most coagulation factor by
approx 20%
Treatment of DVT/PE
Unfractionated heparin 80 units/kg IV bolus, followed by 18 units/kg/h infusion
Enoxaparin 1 mg/kg SC every 12 hours or 1.5mg/kg SC OD
Alteplace 100 mg IV infused over 2 hours
Fondaparinux 5 mg SC OD (pt weight <50kg), 7.5 mg SC OD (50-100 kg), 10 mg SC OD (>100 KG)
Prophylaxis of DVT/PE
Enoxaparin 40mg SC OD
Fondaparinux 2.5 mg SC OD
Anticoagulation and thrombolytics in STEMI
Unfractionated heparin 60 units/kg IV bolus, followed by 16 units/kg/h IV infusion
Enoxaparin 30 mg IV bolus, followed by 1 mg/kg SC every 12 hours
Alteplace 15 mg bolus, followed by 0.75 mg/kg over 30 minutes, followed by 0.5 mg/kg over 60 minutes
Metabolic abnormalities in tumor lysis syndrome
hyperuricemia
hyperkalemia
hyperphosphatemia
hypocalcemia
A lesion at the left occipital lobe causes
right homonymous hemianopia
