Mock Exam 1 flashcards

Question 1

Chronic bronchitis

Answer 1

Chronic condition in which the bronchioles are filled with the over-production of mucus

Productive cough lasting longer than three months and reoccurs for two straight years

Presents with shortness of breath, peripheral and central cyanosis, rhonchi, wheezing, obesity and a productive cough

Question 2

Neurogenic shock difference from other shocks

Answer 2

It presents with warm, dry skin instead of the cold, clammy skin, hypertension, and tachycardia that signals most shocks

Question 3

Pulmonary edema

Answer 3

Fluid in the lungs

Question 4

Pulmonary embolism

Answer 4

Clot in the lungs, that will produce wheezing or a non-productive cough

Question 5

Preclampsia

Answer 5

New onset of high blood pressure in pregnancy, typically after 20 weeks gestation

Characterized by blood pressure over 140/90

Headache is a common symptom of pregnancy

Question 6

Eclampsia

Answer 6

The moment that preclampsia becomes eclampsia is the onset of seizure activity

Question 7

Pneumonia

Answer 7

Infection of the lungs.

Signs and symptoms are fever, shortness of breath, productive cough, chest discomfort, headache, body aches, wheezing and/or rhonchi, and tachycardia.

Causes: Viruses, fungi, bacteria, immobility due to surgery

Question 8

Emphysema

Answer 8

Chronic condition in which the alveoli are damaged and no surface area for gas exchange

Signs and symptoms: Shortness of breath, wheezing, non-productive cough, barrel-chest appearance

Question 9

Hay fever

Answer 9

Common name for allergic rhinitis and is caused by indoor and outdoor allergens. They trigger allergic response that causes cold-like symptoms

Question 10

Hyperglycemia

Answer 10

Signs and symptoms: Increased hunger, excessive urination, warm and dry skin, deep and rapid respirations, abdominal pain, abnormal mental status, nausea

Question 11

Hypoglycemia signs

Answer 11

Snoring respiration, cool and clammy skin, decrease in mental status

Question 12

Incident Command System positions

Answer 12

Liaison Officer
Public information Officer
Safety Officer

Question 13

Hypothermia

Answer 13

Defined as core temperature between 30-34 C.

Signs: Loss of coordination, stiffness in muscles, bradypnea, bradycardia, confusion, tiredness, and lethargy.

Question 14

Placenta Previa

Answer 14

Late-stage pregnancy bleeding emergency
Placenta develops over the cervix and blocks the opening.

Presents with bright, red bleeding and is painless

Question 15

Abruptio placenta

Answer 15

Late-stage pregnancy bleeding emergency that is painful and causes vaginal bleeding.

Question 16

Gestational diabetes

Answer 16

high blood pressure during pregnancy with no bleeding

Question 17

Severe burns

Answer 17

Full-thickness burns to hands, feet, face, genitalia, airway.

Full-thickness burns covering more than 5% TBSA

Partial thickness burns covering more than 20% of TBSA.

Burns to patients younger than five years or older than 50 years

Question 18

Moderate burns

Answer 18

Full-thickness burns involving 2%-10% TBSA,

Partial thickness burns covering 15-30% TBSA

Superficial burns covering more than 50% TBSA

Question 19

Minor burns

Answer 19

Full-thickness burns covering less than 2% TBS

Partial-thickness burns covering less than 15% TBSA

Superficial burns covering less than 50% TBSA

Question 20

Commotio cardis

Answer 20

Sudden cardiac arrest caused by blunt trauma to the chest. Causes the heart to go into ventricular fibrillation.

Question 21

Cardiac tamponade

Answer 21

Caused by blunt force trauma to the chest but does not cause sudden cardiac arrest

Question 22

Acute myocardial infarction

Answer 22

Blockage in the heart’s coronary arteries

Question 23

Respiratory alkalosis

Answer 23

Buildup of carbon dioxide and a buildup of the excess base in body fluids.

Question 24

Tricuspid valve

Answer 24

Located between the right atrium and right ventricle

Question 25

Mitral valve

Answer 25

Located between the left atrium and left ventricle

Question 26

Leading cause of the death from infection in Americans 65 years and older

Answer 26

Pneumonia

Question 27

First-line medication that treats COPD

Answer 27

Albuterol

Question 27

Anisocoria

Answer 27

Condition of unequal pupils as a normal baseline in a patient

Question 28

Symptoms of acute myocardial infarction

Answer 28

Chest pressure, nausea, and dyspnea, chest pain, radiation of pain.

Question 29

Best way to remove stingers

Answer 29

Lightly scrape them off the arm with a card

Question 30

Key perfusion measurement that can detect shock and is displayed on most cardiac monitors is

Answer 30

Mean arterial pressure

Question 31

What medication is proven to reduce morality in heart attacks

Answer 31

Aspirin

Question 32

Three common symptoms of AMI

Answer 32

Chest pain, shortness of breath, arm pain, jaw pain, nausea and heartburn

Question 33

Hemothorax

Answer 33

Collection of blood in the pleural space. Could easily happen by a gun wound Signs and symptoms: Diminished or absent breath sounds on the affected side, dyspnea, collapsed neck veins.

Question 34

Meningitis

Answer 34

Infection and inflammation of the meninges covering the spinal cord and brain Signs and symptoms: Fever, altered level of consciousness, headaches, confusion and lethargy.

Question 35

Acute coronary syndrome symptoms that indicate myocardial ischemia

Answer 35

Unstable angina pectoris, stable angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction

Question 36

What does wheezing indicate

Answer 36

bronchospasm, narrowing of the lower airways, and obstruction

Question 37

Obstructive shock

Answer 37

Caused by an obstruction that prevents adequate blood volume from reaching the rest of the body.

Question 38

What does rales indicate

Answer 38

Indicate fluid such as pulmonary edema

Question 39

What does stridor indicate

Answer 39

Indicates obstruction or narrowing

Question 39

What does rhonchi suggest

Answer 39

Lung congestion

Question 40

Crush syndrome

Answer 40

occurs when an area of the body is crushed or compromised for four hours or longer

Question 40

Compartment syndrome

Answer 40

Occurs when localized tissue swelling occurs within the muscle compartment. Caused by excessive bleeding or swellintg

Question 41

Pulmonary embolism

Answer 41

Blood clot that circulates within the circulatory system and becomes lodged in the pulmonary arteries. Causes a decrease or blockage of blood flow. Signs and symptoms: Sudden onset of shortness of breath, sudden onset of chest pain, tachycardia, tachypnea, cyanosis, hemotysis and hypoxia

Question 42

Dehydration in infants

Answer 42

Infection in infants can lead to dehydration. Vomiting and diarrhea are the number one causes of dehydration. The lack of wet diapers, the lack of eating, rapid breathing and sunken fontanelle are signs and symptoms in babies for dehydration

Question 43

Right-sided heart failure

Answer 43

Causes fluid to back up into the body and into the upper and lower extremites. It causes ascites which is fluid build-up in the abdomen. There may also be JVD

Question 44

What does wheezing indicate

Answer 44

Bronchospasm and the best treatment for this is albuterol

Question 45

What should you expect if a patient in labor expressed the needing to move her bowels

Answer 45

Prepare for imminent delivery

Question 46

Heatstroke

Answer 46

Life threatening emergency, where the first sign is a change in mental status. They may become unresponsive and have a seizure. The rapid pulse may become slow and weak. Blood pressure decreases Lack of perspiration

Question 47

Components of APGAR scoring system

Answer 47

Appearance, pulse, grimace, activity and respirations

Question 48

Asthma

Answer 48

Acute condition or a chronic disease in which the airway passages constrict due to inflammation and fill with an over-production of mucus Signs and symptoms: Wheezing, tachypnea, and anxiety

Question 49

Stages of birth

Answer 49

Stage 1: Starts with contraction and ends with dilation of the cervix Stage 2: Begins when fetus moves into the birth canal and ends with the delivery of the newborn Stage 3: Begins with newborn delivery and ends with the delivery of the placenta

Question 50

What is CPAP indicated in

Answer 50

Pulmonary edema as it aids in pushing the fluid out of the lungs