Mobility

Question 1

What is the difference between primary and secondary spinal cord injury?

Answer 1

A primary injury results from direct trauma to the spinal cord
Inflammation, Ischemia, and edema can cause secondary damage and cell death.
A secondary injury can begin minutes and last for months after a spinal cord injury

Question 2

Which is an example of blunt trauma that can cause a spinal cord injury?

Answer 2

Diving accident

Question 3

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. The nurse understands that Parkinson’s disease is characterized by which of the following pathophysiological changes in the brain?

Answer 3

Imbalance of dopamine and acetylcholine in the basal ganglia

Question 4

Which of the following are clinical manifestations of Parkinson’s Disease?

Answer 4

Slow Movements
Propulsive gait
Sleep disturbances

Question 5

Hematoma

Answer 5

Immediately after the fracture a blot clot forms to slow bleeding

Question 6

Callus Formation

Answer 6

An unorganized network of bone around fracture

Question 7

Granulation tissue

Answer 7

Granulation tissue consisting of new blood vessels, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts form

Question 8

Remodeling

Answer 8

Return of the injured bone to its preinjury structural strength and shape

Question 9

Consolidation

Answer 9

Ossification continues and distance between bone fragments decreases and closes.

Question 10

Ossification

Answer 10

A complex process in which new bone is formed, occurs from 3 weeks to 6 months after fracture

Question 11

Which type of fracture is most common in adults aged 65 years or older?

Answer 11

hip fracture

Hip fracture is the most common for older adults, with 95% occurring as a result from a fall.

Question 12

A patient with a stable, closed humeral fracture just had a fiberglass cast placed. The nurse notifies the provider of possible early compartment syndrome when the patient has which symptom?

Answer 12

Pain unrelieved after receiving pain medication.

Question 13

A client has sustained a fracture of the left tibia and fibula after a significant fall. What assessment findings might the nurse observe?

Answer 13

Bruising on skin
Decreased distal pulses
Protruding bone and bleeding
Crepitus

Question 14

Which teaching should be included with a child in a spica cast?

Answer 14

Teach parents to report any pain not relieved by pain medication

Parents should be taught about signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome, such as pain unrelieved after pain medication and to report any immediately. The child should be turned frequently and positioned upright for meals and while voiding or stooling. Upper extremities are not in traction and are free in a spica cast. Small frequent meals are encouraged due to decrease in bloating. The child should consume a diet high in calories, calcium, protein, fiber, and increased fluid