Gas Exchange Flashcards
Decreased __________ and ___________of the alveoli and increased alveolar gas pressure can lead to ventilation perfusion mismatch.
Perfusion and ventilation
why airway, breathing, and circulation are priorities for patient care management.
Airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC) are the top priorities in patient care management because they are essential for sustaining life. Since respiratory failure and shock are leading causes of death in children, treatment focuses on supporting breathing and circulation. If head, neck, or back trauma is suspected, the cervical spine should be stabilized in a neutral position. Detecting spinal cord injuries in young children can be challenging without imaging, as they may be unable to clearly express their pain or symptoms.
A patent airway is the first priority for a patient. If the airway is obstructed, oxygen can’t get to the lungs leading to hypoxia. Once the airway is stabilized, the nurse must ensure that the patient is breathing effectively. Level of consciousness, rate and depth of breathing, breath sounds, and the child’s respiratory effort are indicative of relative oxygenation. Anxiety or decreased responsiveness suggests hypoxia. Maintaining effective circulation is important to ensure oxygen rich blood is being delivered to the body’s tissues and organs. Cardiovascular assessment includes observing the child’s skin color and temperature, checking capillary refill, assessing blood pressure, and assessing central and peripheral pulse rate and quality.
What are the triggers of asthma?
Perfumes
Dust mites
Stress
NSAIDS
What information should the nurse teach families with known triggers of pollen and dust about reducing exposure to pollens and dust?
Hypoallergenic covers on pillows and mattresses
Stay inside on high pollen count days
Use central air conditioning
Replace carpet with tile
The nurse is assessing a patient with asthma, priority assessment for asthma includes?
Lung auscultation
Work of breathing
Continuous pulse oximetry
Describe what a peak flow meter is and why it is used with asthma patients?
A peak flow meter is a handheld device that measures how fast a person can exhale air after taking a deep breath. It helps monitor lung function by measuring peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) in liters per minute.
The regular use of a peak flow meter helps asthma patients manage their condition by providing objective data on their lung function.
True or False. Allergic rhinitis puts clients more at risk for asthma.
True
What should the nurse teach a child about using an albuterol metered-dose inhaler for exercise-induced asthma?
Use inhaler 30 minutes before exercise.
The appropriate time to use an inhaled beta2-agonist is before an event that could trigger an attack.
True or False. RSV infection can occur at any age, but the clients at most risk for complications are infants younger than six months of age and older adults.
True
The clients a most risk for severe infection are infants six months of age or younger and older adults greater than 65 years or more. Other high risk populations include clients with co-morbidities such as asthma, COPD, and heart disease.
A nurse is caring for a client with bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). What is the priority nursing action to reduce the risk of spreading the virus?
Move the client to a private room and implement contact precautions.
What are signs of respiratory distress in a child?
Grunting
Tachypnea
Nasal flaring
circumoral cyanosis
Which of the following should be included in a plan of care for a client with bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?
Obtain vital signs and respiratory status every 1 to 2 hours or more often as needed.
