MNT Exam Vocab Flashcards
Creatinine
is a breakdown product of creatine phosphate in muscle, and is usually produced and excreted at a fairly constant rate by the body.
Kidney maintain the blood creatinine in a normal range.
Elevated levels signifies impaired kidney function.
Osmolarity
Osmotic concentration
The concentration of a solution expressed as the total number of solute particles per liter (solvent).
The higher the osmolarity, the more solute in the solvent. Think thicker solution.
Osmolality
A measure of the number of dissolved particles per unit of water in serum.
A LOW serum osmolality means a higher than usual amount of water in relation to the amount of particles dissolved in it.
Think, the lower the number, the LESS particles in the water. More water, over hydrated.
Low–> over hydration and edema
High–> deficient fluid volume of cells
Syncope
temporary loss of consciousness caused by a fall in blood pressure
Malignant
very virulent or infectious.
Stomatitis
inflammation of the mucous membrane of the mouth
Opportunistic Infection (OIs)
Infections that occur MORE FREQUENTLY and are MORE SEVERE in individuals with weakened immune systems, including people with HIV.
Usually doesn’t affect patients with healthy immune systems.
Think, a weak immune system presents an “opportunity” for the pathogen to infect.
Dyspnea
shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
Pleural effusion
a buildup of fluid between the tissues that line the lungs and the chest
TIA
—(Transient Ischemic Attack)
A brief stroke-like attack that, despite resolving within minutes to hours, still requires immediate medical attention to distinguish from an actual stroke.
Diuresis
the production of excessive amounts of urine
CABG
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft surgery (CABG)
Is a procedure used to treat coronary artery disease or CHD.
Helps to improve blood flow to the heart.
Cancer promoters
promotes the proliferation of cancer (cell growth) throughout the body.
Promoters take advantage of genetic mutations and cause cells to grow rapidly.
Metastatic
having to do with metastasis, which is the spread of cancer from the primary site (place where it started) to other places in the body
Neoplasm
literally means “new growth”;
an abnormal mass of tissue, the growth of which exceeds and is uncoordinated with that of normal tissue
Emesis
the action or process of vomiting
Cachexia
weight loss, wasting of muscle, loss of appetite, and general debility (physical weakness) that can occur during a chronic disease
Mucositis
inflammation of a mucous membrane
Carcinoma
A type of cancer that develops in the tissue that lines the inner or outer surfaces of the body.
You can actually see the tumor bump.
Benign
not harmful in effect; in particular, (of a tumor) not malignant