Mnemonics Flashcards
Beta blockers non/selective:
A through N: B1 selective: Acebutalol, Atenolol, Esmolol, Metoprolol.
O through Z: B1, B2 non-selective: Pindolol, Propanalol, Timolol.
_Classification I to IV
“MBA College” In order of class I to IV:
Membrane stabilizers (class I)
Beta blockers
Action potential widening agents
Calcium channel blockers
amiodarone action and se’s:
6 P's: Prolongs action potential duration Photosensitivity Pigmentation of skin Peripheral neuropathy Pulmonary alveolitis and fibrosis Peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 is inhibited -> hypothyroidism
Beta-blockers: main contraindications, cautions
ABCDE: Asthma Block (heart block) COPD Diabetes mellitus Electrolyte (hyperkalemia)
Beta-blockers: nonselective beta-blockers
"Tim Pinches His Nasal Problem" (because he has a runny nose...): Timolol Pindolol Hismolol Naldolol Propranolol
Warfarin: metabolism
SLOW: --- Has a slow onset of action. --- A quicK Vitamin K antagonist, though. Small lipid-soluble molecule Liver: site of action Oral route of administration. Warfarin
Antimuscarinics: members, action
"Inhibits Parasympathetic And Sweat": Ipratropium Pirenzepine Atropine Scopolamine ---- Muscarinic receptors at all parasympathetic endings sweat glands in sympathetic.
Beta 1 selective blockers
"BEAM ONE up, Scotty": Beta 1 blockers: Esmolol Atenolol Metropolol
Direct sympathomimetic catecholamines
DINED: Dopamine Isoproterenol Norepinephrine Epinephrine Dobutamine
Morphine: effects at mu receptor
PEAR: Physical dependence Euphoria Analgesia Respiratory depression
Myasthenia gravis: edrophonium vs. pyridostigmine
eDrophonium is for Diagnosis.
pyRIDostigmine is to get RID of symptoms.
Opiods: mu receptor effects
"MD CARES": Miosis Dependency Constipation Analgesics Respiratory depression Euphoria Sedation
Phenobarbitone: side effects
Children are annoying (hyperkinesia, irritability, insomnia, aggression).
Adults are dosy (sedation, dizziness, drowsiness).
Phenytoin: adverse effects
PHENYTOIN: P-450 interactions Hirsutism Enlarged gums Nystagmus Yellow-browning of skin Teratogenicity Osteomalacia Interference with B12 metabolism (hence anemia) Neuropathies: vertigo, ataxia, headache
Sodium valproate: side effects
VALPROATE: Vomiting Alopecia Liver toxicity Pancreatitis/ Pancytopenia Retention of fats (weight gain) Oedema (peripheral oedema) Appetite increase Tremor Enzyme inducer (liver)