Mnemonics Flashcards
What are the causes of DIC
D-Dx: D dimer
I-Immune complexes
S-Snakebite, shock, heatstroke
S-SLE
E-Eclampsia, HELLP syndrome
M-Massive tissue damage
I-Infections: viral and bacterial
N-Neoplasms
A-Acute promyelocytic leukemia
T-Tumor products: Tissue Factor (TF) and TF-like factors released by carcinomas of pancreas, prostate, lung,
colon, stomach
E-Endotoxins (bacterial)
D-Dead fetus (retained)
What is the MEN type I
Parathyroid (95%): Parathyroid adenoma
Pituitary (70%): Prolactinoma/ACTH/Growth Hormone secreting adenoma
Pancreas (50%): Islet cell tumours/Zollinger Ellison syndrome
What are the inguinal canal walls
Inguinal canal walls: ‘MALT: 2M, 2A, 2L, 2T’:
Superior wall (roof): 2 Muscles:Internal oblique, transversus abdominis
Anterior wall: 2 Aponeuroses: Aponeurosis of external oblique, Aponeurosis of internal oblique
Lower wall (floor): 2 Ligaments: Inguinal
Ligament, Lacunar Ligament Posterior wall: 2Ts: Transversalis fascia, Conjoint Tendon
Vena cava tributaries
I Like To Rise So High:
Iliacs
Lumbar
Testicular
Renal
Suprarenal
Hepatic vein
Axillary artery branches
Screw The Lawyer Save A patient
Superior thoracic artery
Thoracoacromial artery
Lateral thoracic artery
Subscapular artery
Anterior humeral circumflex artery
Posterior humeral circumflex artery
Lateral rotators
Mnemonic lateral hip rotators: P-GO-GO-Q (top to bottom)
Piriformis
Gemellus superior
Obturator internus
Gemellus inferior
Obturator externus
Quadratus femoris
How do you remember the association of PBS and PSC and UC
primary scelosing cholangITIS
ulcerative colITIS
UC w/ uveitis - EYE
MEN
Type 1
- 3 P’s - pituitary adenoma, parathyroid hyperplasia, pancreatic cancer
Type 2B
- 2Ps - parathyroid hyperplasia, phaeochromocytoma
- 1M - (thyroid medullary carcinoma)
2B
- 1 P - phaeochromocytoma
- 2 M - medullary thyroid ca, mucosal neuromas, marfanoid
Branches of external carotid artery
Some Anatomists Like Freaking Out Poor Medical Students
Superior thyroid (superior laryngeal artery branch) A
Ascending pharyngeal D
Lingual A
Facial (tonsillar and labial artery) A
Occipital P
Posterior auricular P
Maxillary (inferior alveolar artery, middle meningeal artery) Terminal
Superficial temporal Terminal
What are the pharmacological agents/biochemical agents acting on each segment of the kidney
DATA
- Distal convoluting tubule
- ADH
- Thiazide
- Aldosterone
SAC
- Spironolactone
- ADH
- Collecting duct
FALL
- furosemide
- ascending limb of loop of henle
MAP
- Mannitol
- Acetazolamide
- PCT
How do the thyroid cancer subtypes spread
RYC
R - folliculaR - red - blood (haematogenous spread)
Y - papillary/medullary - yellow - lymph (lympatic spread)
C - combined - blood/lymph - anaplastiC
How do you remember the relation of median to brachial artery
Nerve LAM artery
Lateral (upper part)
Anterior
Medial (forearm)
What is the mnemonic for right shift oxygen dissociation
Mnemonic to remember causes of right shift of the oxygen dissociation curve:
CADET face RIGHT
C O2
A cidosis
2,3-DPG
E xercise
T emperature
Y axis - SaO2 - saturation of haemoglobin
X axcis - PaO2 - arterial oxygen conc
Right hand giving
What are the mnemonic for piercings of diaphragm
Vena cava - T8 - eight letter
Oesophagus 0 T10 - ten letters
Aortic hiatus - T12 - twelve letters
How do you remember the relations of the ulnar nerve and brachial artery
Nerve LAM artery
lateral (proximal)
anterior (ACF)
medial (distal)
What are the branches of the axillary artery
‘Save The Lions And Protect Specie
Superior thoracic,
Thoracoacromial,
Lateral thoracic,
Anterior circumflex humeral, Posterior circumflex humeral, Subscapular
What are the branches of the thoracoacromial artery
: ‘Cadavers Are Dead People’ (Clavicular, Acroamial, Deltoid, Pectoral)
What are the branches of subclavian
VIT (1st part) C (2nd) D (3rd)
Vertebral
Internal mammary
Thyrocervical trunk
Cost cervical trunk
Dorsal scapula
What is the contents of the Superior orbital fissure
Live Frankly To See Absolutely No Insult
Lacrimal
Frontal
Trochlear
Superior Division of Oculomotor
Abducens
Nasociliary
Inferior Division of Oculomotor nerve
What are the branches of the internal iliac artery
I Love Going Places In My Very Own Underwear!
I: iliolumbar artery
L: lateral sacral artery
G: gluteal (superior and inferior) arteries
P: (internal) pudendal artery
I: inferior vesical (vaginal in females) artery, and superior vesical artery
M: middle rectal artery
V: vaginal artery (females only)
O: obturator artery
U: umbilical artery and uterine artery (females only)
What are the constrictions. of the oesophagus
A- Arch of the Aorta
B- Left main Bronchus
C- Cricoid Cartilage
D- Diaphragmatic Hiatus
What is the mnemonic for neurofibromatosis type 1
CAFESPOT
`
C: café-au-lait spots (greater than six seen during one year)
A: axillary or inguinal freckling
F: fibromas (neurofibroma (two or more) or plexiform neurofibroma (one))
E: eye hamartomas (Lisch nodules)
S: skeletal abnormalities, e.g. sphenoid wing dysplasia, leg bowing
P: positive family history
OT: optic tumour (optic nerve glioma)
What is the mnemonic for neurofibromatosis type 2
MISME
M: multiple
I: inherited
S: schwannomas
M: meningiomas and
E: ependymomas
Rule of 2s
neurofibromatosis type 2
chromosome 22 (22q12) gene location
bilateral vestibular schwannomas
presents in 2nd-4th decades (around 20 years)
initial prevalence estimated to be 1:200,000, now thought ~1:25,000
Parasymathetic CN
1973
Which CN come from which parts of the brain stem
First 4 - mid brain
(3/4 mid brain)
1/2 from cerebellum
Second 4 - pons
Third 4
What is the mnemonic for tissue layers in scrotum
Some Damned Examiner Called It The Testes
(skin dartos external fascia cremaster internal fascia tunica Testes)
Constriction of oesophagusConstrictions of the oesophagus
Constrictions of the oesophagus : ABCD
A- Arch of the Aorta
B- Left main Bronchus
C- Cricoid Cartilage
D- Diaphragmatic Hiatus
What is Klumpke
KULMpke
LOWer division
CLAW hand
Bing attachments of diaphragm
Xiphisternum
Lower part of lower six costal cartilage
Right crus - L1/2/3
Left crus - L1/2
Median accurate ligament
Medial actuate ligaments x2
Lateral arcuate ligaments
