Ackland anatomy

Question 1

What 2 ligaments join the clavicle to the coracoid process?

Answer 1

Trapezoid ligament

Conoid ligament

Question 2

What are the motions of the scapula?

Answer 2

Protraction and retraction
Elevation and depression
Upward and downward rotation

Question 3

Where does the long head of triceps arise?

Answer 3

Infraglenoid tubercle

Question 4

Where does the long head of biceps arise?

Answer 4

Supraglenoid tubercle

Question 5

What are the tendons which run deep to everything else in shoulder and upper arm?

Answer 5

Long head of biceps, long head of triceps

Question 6

Where does subscapularis insert?

Answer 6

Lesser tubercle of humerus

Question 7

Where does teres major go and what does it do?

Answer 7

From lower lateral border of scapula to posterior lip of bicipital groove - adducts humerus

Question 8

What does coracobrachialis go and what does it do?

Answer 8

Coracoid to humerus

Flexes shoulder

Question 9

Where does serratus anterior arise and where does it insert?

Answer 9

From side/front of first 8 ribs to medial border of scapula
Protrudes scapula in unison
Or rotates up/downwards if top/bottom half go

Question 10

Where does levator scapulae go from and to and what does it do?

Answer 10

Outer part of C1-3
Inserts on upper medial part of scapula
Elevates scapula

Question 11

Where do the rhomboids minor and major go from and to and what do they do?

Answer 11

C4-T5 spinous processes
To medial border of scapula
Elevate and retract scapula

Question 12

Where does upper part trapezius go from and to?

Answer 12

Occiput, nuchal ligament and T1-T3 spinous processes
To spine of scapula, acromion and lateral 1/3 of clavicle
Elevates scapula

Question 13

Where does lower part trapezius go from and to?

Answer 13

T4-T12 spinous processes

To lower spine of scapula

Question 14

What does trapezius do?

Answer 14

Retracts scapula  (all)
Elevates (upper part)

Question 15

Where does pec minor go from and to? What does it do?

Answer 15

2-4th rib to coracoid process

Depresses scapula

Question 16

Where does the omohyoid go from and to? What does it do?

Answer 16

Hyoid bone to spine of scapula

Depresses hyoid bone and larynx

Question 17

Which 2 large muscles insert on the anterior and posterior lip of the bicipital groove of humeurs?

Answer 17

Anterior = pec major
Posterior = latissimus dorsi

Question 18

Structures running between the anterior and middle scalene muscles?

Answer 18

Barachial plexus nerve roots

Subclavian artery

Question 19

Which vein runs in the groove between deltoid and pec major? Where does it go?

Answer 19

Cephalic vein - runs under pec major

Joins subclavian vein (which runs under pec minor

Question 20

What forms the brachiocephalic vein?

Answer 20

Subclavian vein and IJV

Question 21

What forms the SVC?

Answer 21

Joining of the 2 brachiocephalic veins

Question 22

Subclavian vein runs under which muscle? Where does it then go between as it goes medially?

Answer 22

Pec minor

Then runs over first rib and subclavius, below clavicle,

Question 23

What are the landmarks for subclavian/axillary/brachial artery?

Answer 23

Up until clavicle
From exiting clavicle to going under pec minor
From exiting pec minor

Question 24

5 bracnches of subclavian artery before it becomes axillary?

Answer 24

Vertebral
Internal thoracic
Thyrocervical trunk
Costocervical trunk
Dorsal scapular

Question 25

Where do the medial and lateral pectoral nerves come from?

Answer 25

Medial and lateral cords respectively of BP

Question 26

2 nerves arising directly from the lateral cord of bracial pleuxs?

Answer 26

Lateral pectoral | Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 27

2 nerves arising from posterior cord of brcahial pleuxs?

Answer 27

Axillary nerve Radial nerve Upper and lower subscapular Thoracodorsal nerve

Question 28

Lateral cord of BP comes from what?

Answer 28

Anterior divisions of the upper 2 trunks

Question 29

What does the lateral cord of the brachial plexus divide into?

Answer 29

Musculocutaneous and half of median

Question 30

What oes the medial cord of the brachial plexus divide into?

Answer 30

Ulnar nerve and half of median

Question 31

Medial cord of BP comes from what?

Answer 31

Anterior division of inferior trunk

Question 32

Posterior cord of BP comes from what?

Answer 32

Posterior divisions of sup, middle and inferior trunks

Question 33

Musculocutaneous nerve innervates what?

Answer 33

Coracobrachialis Biceps Brachialis

Question 34

What do the cords surround in the BP?

Answer 34

Axillary artery

Question 35

Where do the upper and lower subscapular nerves come from and what to they innervate?

Answer 35

Posterior cord of BP | Inervate subscapularis and teres major

Question 36

Where does the thoracodorsal nerve and what does it innervate?

Answer 36

Posterior cord of BP | Lat dorsi

Question 37

Which nerve arises from the superior trunk of the BP? Muscle?

Answer 37

Suprascapular nerve - supra and infraspinatus

Question 38

Which nerve of BP arises directly from C5 root? Muscle?

Answer 38

Dorsal scapular nerve | Rhomboid muscles

Question 39

Which nerve arises from C5-7 roots and where does it go?

Answer 39

Long thoracic Comes through middle scalene, runs deep to the trunks and Innervates serratus anterior

Question 40

Innervation of levator scapulae?

Answer 40

C3-5 roots

Question 41

What are the 2 parts of the articular surface of the humerus?

Answer 41

Trochlea - ulna | Capitulum - radius

Question 42

Which bone has the olecranon process on it?

Answer 42

Ulna

Question 43

Specifically which part of the ulna articulates with the humerus?

Answer 43

Trochlear notch

Question 44

Which part of the ulna articulates with the radius proximally?

Answer 44

Coranoid process

Question 45

Where does the brachialis tendon insert?

Answer 45

Ulnar tuberosity, just distal to the coronoid process

Question 46

Where does the biceps tendon insert?

Answer 46

Radial tuberosity

Question 47

What are the 2 ligaments of the lateral elbow joint?

Answer 47

Radial collateral and anular ligaments

Question 48

What is the only movement the radial head can do?

Answer 48

Rotate

Question 49

Which muscle arises from the radial collateral ligament?

Answer 49

Supinator

Question 50

Which ligament sits medially in the elbow joint?

Answer 50

Ulnar collateral ligament

Question 51

What structure holds the distal radioulnar joint together?

Answer 51

Triangluar fibrocartilage

Question 52

What joints comprise the wrist joint?

Answer 52

Radiocarpal joint | Midcarpal joint

Question 53

What are the 2 collateral ligaments of the wrist?

Answer 53

Radio and ulnar collateral ligaments

Question 54

What are the dorsal and palmar ligaments of the wrist called?

Answer 54

Dorsal and palmar radiocarpal ligaments

Question 55

What is the deepest flexor of the arm?

Answer 55

Brachialis

Question 56

Tendon of short head of biceps mixes with which?

Answer 56

Coracobrachialis

Question 57

What are the 3 heads of triceps?

Answer 57

Long, medial and lateral

Question 58

Radial nerve runs between which heads?

Answer 58

Medial and lateral heads of triceps

Question 59

Which small elbow extensor runs from lateral epicondyle to lateral aspect of proximal ulna?

Answer 59

Anconeus

Question 60

Median nerve runs between which heads?

Answer 60

2 heads of pronator teres - superficial and deep

Question 61

Where is pronator quadratus?

Answer 61

Distal radius/ulna

Question 62

What are the 2 pronating muscles?

Answer 62

Pronator teres and quadratus

Question 63

Deep branch of radial nerves runs through which muscle?

Answer 63

Supinator

Question 64

Which 2 proximal forearm muscles oppose eachother in terms of supination/pronation

Answer 64

Supinator and pronator teres

Question 65

3 main wrist flexors?

Answer 65

Flexor carpi ulnaris and radialis - from common flexor tendon on medial epicondle Also palmaris longus

Question 66

Ulnar nerve passes between which heads?

Answer 66

Flexor carpi ulnaris at forearm

Question 67

Where does palmaris longus insert?

Answer 67

Palmar aponeurosis

Question 68

3 Main extensors of wrist?

Answer 68

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis | Extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 69

What is the medial vein of the forearm?

Answer 69

Basilic vein

Question 70

Which vein crosses from cephalic to basilic vein?

Answer 70

Antecubital vein

Question 71

Which vein does the basilic vein join? What is the course of this?

Answer 71

Joins the 2 brachial veins, which unite and then become the axillary vein

Question 72

Which artery runs with the radial nerve in the arm?

Answer 72

Profunda brachii

Question 73

What is the relationship between the median nerve and brachial artery down the forearm?

Answer 73

Nerve medial to artery at elbow | Lateral to artery at wrist

Question 74

Which heads of triceps does the radial nerve run between?

Answer 74

Long and medial proximally | Then lateral and medial

Question 75

What are the 2 branches of the radial nerve?

Answer 75

Deep - motor | Superficial - sensory

Question 76

Supinator is innervated by what?

Answer 76

Radial nerve

Question 77

What does the radial nerve innervate in the arm?

Answer 77

``` Triceps anconeus supinator brachioradialis all 3 wrist extensors - carpi radialis longs brevis and ulnaris ```

Question 78

What forms the carpal tunnel?

Answer 78

Pisiform, hook of hamate Tubercle of scaphoid and crest of trapeizium Carpal bones Flexor retinaculum

Question 79

Which ligament is continous with the palmar plate and keeps the metacarpals from fanning proximally?

Answer 79

Deep transverse metacarpal ligament