MM Flashcards
Vaiont 1963
Town
Deaths
Vaiont 1963
Languerone
2043
Vaiont 1963
Human Causes
Vaiont 1963
Chief engineer died before (no official
Survey)
Would lower water to allow gradual slip but was balancing out to hold in place
When lowered unbalanced
Population told fine despite knowledge of movement (routine)
Vaiont 1963
Physical Causes
Vaiont 1963
Rainfall (pore pressure)
Prehistoric landslide (8.3 billion ft3 material fell)
Vaiont 1963
Wave
Chance
Vaiont 1963
300ft tidal wave over dam
4x Hiroshima
Europa league (all in pubs)
Venezuela 1999
Deaths
What
Where
Venezuela 1999
15000-30000
Debris flow 50km/hr
Vargas Province
Venezuela 1999
Causes
Venezuela 1999
10m flat land (mountains drop to sea)
Densely pop.
914mm rain (50% above ave. 9-19th Dec)
Alluvial fans
Venezuela 1999
PPR
Venezuela 1999
Can be predicted (more sediment in channels)
100000 resettled (Cerro Grande/Uria plains) not allowed to settle
Flood channels (could)
Alignment (could)
Afforestation (stabilise/increase sheer strength)
Holbeck Hall 1993
Why
Holbeck Hall 1993
Sheer stress up due to hotel
140mm rain in 2 months
2 dry summers causing cracks in clay
Holbeck Hall 1993
What
Holbeck Hall 1993
1 million tomnes glacial till
Rotational landslide
Galtur 1999
Risk
Galtur 1999
Atlantic Storm (Feb 600% up ave)
1000 avalanches in alps in Feb
30 die/year in alps
Galtur 1999
Trapped
Deaths
Impact
Galtur 1999
4000 trapped
31 deaths
50% village destroyed
Galtur 1999
Management
Perception
PPR
Galtur 1999
Roads closed
Airlifted out if £152
None in 200years (assumed safe)
Able to predict but not were and when
£15million on 15ft high wall around village
Galtur 1999
Size
Speed
Height
Galtur 1999
200 000 tonnes
300km/hr
160ft high
