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MLT > MLAB121 - Clotting Factors > Flashcards

MLAB121 - Clotting Factors Flashcards

1
Q

What is Hemostasis?

A

Process of stopping blood

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2
Q

Platelet activation includes?

A

Adhesion and aggregation

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3
Q

Steps of Platelet Activation

A

Vaso-constrict

Platelets activated, release granules and change shape

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4
Q

Two properties of Platelet activation

A

Adhesion - sticking to blood vessel wall

Aggregation - sticking together

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5
Q

Instrinsic Pathway include which Clotting Factors

A

Initiated by FXII -> FXI -> IX -> VIII

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6
Q

Problems in hemostasis

A

Insufficient or delayed clotting

Intravascular clotting

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7
Q

Hemaphilia A is deficient of?

A

Factor VIII

Defect of X chromosome

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8
Q

Hemaphilia B is deficient of?

A

Factor IX

Defect of X chromosome

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9
Q

Acquired disorders include?

A 
Vit. K Deficiency
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Heparin
Coumadin (wafarin)
Aspirin
Liver disease
Thrombophilia (excessive clotting)
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10
Q

Prolonged bleeding time has a low platelet count of?

A

Less than 50

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11
Q

4 QC for Bleeding Time Test

A

Do not touch incision when blotting blood
Record if patient has used aspirin
Proper PPE
Follow standard precautions

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12
Q

What does PT monitor?

A

Monitor oral anticoagulant therapy (Coumadin)

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13
Q

Reagent of thromboplastin?

A

Tissue factor III-phospholipid and CaCl

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14
Q

What factors deteriorate after 10min?

A

Factor VIII and Factor V

Reagents evaporates

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15
Q

Principle of clot detection

A

Uses viscosity to detect
Increased viscosity if measured through motion of stainless steel ball
Constant pendulum swings ball creates electromagnetic field
Once plasma clots, viscosity of plasma increases, slowing ball down

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16
Q

What ISI?

A

International Sensitivity Index - Specific to thromboplastin

17
Q

Normal Range of PT in seconds?

A

10-14s

18
Q

Critical Value for PT in seconds?

A

> 25s

19
Q

Prolonged PT is influenced by?

A

Alcohol
Hep B
Aspirin

20
Q

Two reagents used in APTT

A
  1. Cephaloplasmin (phospholipid)

2. CaCl2

21
Q

What temperature and time are required for Cephaloplasmin and CaCl2?

A

5min at 37 degrees

22
Q

Sources of Errors associated with specimen.

A 
Order of draw
Inappropriate ratio of anticoagulant to blood
Clotted, hemolyzed or lipemic samples
<10,000 plaelets 
Delay in testing or processing
Inappropriate storage
23
Q

Normal range for PTT in seconds

A

25 - 35 seconds

24
Q

Critical value ofr PT in secs?

A

> 25 seconds

25
Q

Sources of error associated with procedure

A

Incorrect preparation of reagents
Failure to properly store reagents
Use of reagents beyond reconstituted stability time or expiration date
Contaminated reagents

26
Q

Therapeutic range of PT in seconds?

A

16 - 18 seconds

27
Q

Therapeutic Range of PT for INR?

A

2 - 3

28
Q

Factors that require Ca?

A

XI -> IX -> VIII

and X -> V

29
Q

Sources of errors associated with storage?

A

Incorrect preparation of reagents
Failure to properly store reagents
Use of reagents beyond stability time and expiration date
Contaminated reagents

30
Q

Therapeutic range of PTT?

A

1.5 to 2x normal range

31
Q

Critical value for PTT in seconds?

A

60 - 100 seconds

32
Q

Liver disease, decreased Vit. K, and defective FVII is associated with?

A

Prolong PT and Normal PTT

33
Q

Decreased or defective FI/II/V or X, severe liver disease, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) - intrinsic system

A

Prolonged PT and PTT results

34
Q

Defective VII, IX, XI, von Villebrand disease or lupus is present in?

A

Normal PT and Prolonged PTT

35
Q

Types of POCT tests

A

Coagulation
Cardiac Markers
Pregnancy tests
Blood gases

MLT (4 decks)

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