Mixtures, Chromatography, Filtration and Crystallisation, Simple distillation, Fractional distillation Flashcards
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
1
Q
what do mixtures contains?
A
at least two different elements or compounds
2
Q
what is air as a mixture?
A
mixture of gases, mainly nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and argon
3
Q
what is crude oil as a mixture?
A
mixture of different length hydrocarbon molecules
4
Q
what are example methods of a mixture being separated?
A
- filtration
- crystallisation
- simple distillation
- fractional distillation
- chromatography
5
Q
what is the properties of a mixture?
A
they are just a mixture of the properties of the separate parts
6
Q
what is chromatography?
A
a method of separating mixtures
7
Q
how do you do paper chromatography?
A
- draw a line near the bottom of sheet of filter paper
- add a spot of the ink to the line
- pour a small amount of solvent into a beaker so it forms a shallow layer
- put the sheet in the beaker of solvent
- put a lid on top of the container to stop the solvent evaporating
- the solvent seeps up the paper, carrying the ink with it
- when the solvent has nearly reached the top of the paper, take the paper out of the beaker and leave it to dry
- end result is a pattern of spots called a chromatogram
8
Q
what does filtration separate?
A
insoluble solids from liquids
9
Q
how do you do filtration?
A
- put filter paper in a funnel
- pour mixture into the filter paper
- make sure the mixture doesn’t go above the filter paper
- liquid passes through the paper into the beaker and the solid is left behind in the filter paper
10
Q
what are the two ways to separate soluble solids from solutions?
A
evaporation and crystallisation
11
Q
A
