Atoms Flashcards
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
what is the Nucleus?
- the middle of the atom
- contains protons and neutrons
what is an Electron?
- they move around the nucleus in electron shells
- they are negatively charged
what are the charges of protons, neutrons and electrons?
- protons = positively charged, heavy
- neutrons = neutral charge, heavy
- electrons = negatively charged, tiny
how can you tell the atomic number of an atom?
number of protons
how can you tell the mass number of an atom?
number of protons + number of neutrons
how can you tell the number of neutrons of an atom?
mass number - atomic number
how can you tell the number of electrons
atomic number
what is an ion?
an atom or group of atoms that has lost or gained electrons
what is an element?
made up of atoms with the same atomic number
what does the number of protons in the nucleus decide?
what type of atom it is, for example, an atom with one proton in its nucleus is hydrogen
name 5 elements
copper, aluminium, iron, oxygen, nitrogen
what is an isotope?
atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
what is relative atomic mass?
the average atomic mass of an element
what is the relative atomic mass formula?
sum of (isotope abundance x isotope mass number)
OVER
sum of abundances of all the isotopes
