Mixtures

Question 1

Separation of a mixture based upon differences in the components’ boiling points.

Answer 1

Distillation

Question 2

Separation of a mixture based upon differences in mass of each component. When soon at high velocities, the heavier components settle to the bottom of the container.

Answer 2

Centrifugation

Question 3

Separation of a mixture based upon the size differences in the components.

Answer 3

Filtration

Question 4

Separation of a mixture by allowing gravity to cause the heavier components to settle to the bottom of a container first.

Answer 4

Gravitational Settling

Question 5

These are mixtures that have relatively large particles dispersed throughout the medium of the mixture. Examples of these are muddy water, while blood, orange juice with pulp, and oil and vinegar dressing. These mixtures will have their larger component settle over time through gravimetric settling without being disturbed. All of these will scatter light in something called the Tyndall effect which will make it difficult to see through.

Answer 5

Suspensions

Question 6

These are mixtures that have medium-sized particles that are dispersed within their medium. Because a colloid’s particles are smaller than that of a suspension, colloid particles will not settle out over time. This is the primary difference between suspensions and this type of mixture. However, these particles are still large enough to be scattered by light and produce a Tyndall Effect. Examples of these are common in biology and the natural world and include cellular cytoplasm, blood plasma, milk, and various fuels and foams.

Answer 6

Colloids

Question 7

These are mixtures in which the dispersed particles are very small- so small that they neither settle due to gravity nor do they scatter light. Examples of these include coffee, artificial juice drinks, tap water, salt water, and alloys (which are solutions of metals). All of these include a solute and a solvent.

Answer 7

Solutions

Question 8

This component of a mixture refers to the particles that are dispersed within the solution’s medium. This is the substance that is dissolved into the solution.

Answer 8

Solute

Question 9

This component of a mixture refers to the medium of the solution. This is the substance that dissolves the solute.

Answer 9

Solvent