mixtures Flashcards
what is a compound
A compound is a pure substance that is formed when 2 or more different types of elements which are chemically bonded together in fixed proportions, and in a way that their properties have changed.
what is a mixture
A mixture consists of 2 or more substances, which are physically combined together in variable proportions. Each component retains its own individual properties and is not chemically bonded to any other component of the mixture
What’s some general characteristics of mixtures
- Its composition can vary.
- Its properties are variable because its component parts keep their individual properties.
- Its component parts can be separated by physical means.
Homogeneous mixtures
A homogeneous mixture is a uniform mixture. It has the same composition and properties throughout the mixture. It is not possible to distinguish the component parts from each other. All solutions are homogeneous mixtures.
Heterogeneous mixtures
A non-uniform mixture. It is possible to distinguish the component parts from each other, though not with the naked eye. Heterogeneous mixtures include suspensions and colloids.
Solution
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances. One substance is usually a liquid.
Solvent
The solvent is the substance that does the dissolving it has the higher concentration.
Solute
The solute is the substance that dissolves. IT HAS A LOWER CONCENTRATION THAN THE SOLVENT
A saturated solution
A solution in which the solvent cannot dissolve any more solute at aparticular temperature, in the presence of an undissolved solute.
Suspension
A suspension is a heterogenous mixture in which minute, visible particles of one substance are dispersed in another substance which is usually a liquid.
Examples of suspension
Mud and water
Powdered chalk in water
Oil and water
Dust in the air
Call lloy
A heterogeneous mixture in which minute particles of one substance are dispersed in another substance which is usually a liquid.
The dispersed particles are larger than those of a solution, but smaller than those of a suspension.
Colloid
A heterogenous mixture in which minute particles of one substance are dispersed in another substance, which is usually a liquid.
The dispersed particles are larger than those of a solution but smaller than those of suspension.
Examples of colloids
Gel
Emulsion
Foam
Aerosol- smoke
Liquid aerosol- fog, aerosol sprays, clouds
Solubility
The mass of a solute that will saturate 100 grams of solvent at a specified temperature.
IN GENERAL SOLUBILITY INCREASES AS TEMPERATURE INCREASES.
