Mix & Flow of Matter

Question 1

Which of these is CORRECT:

• All substances are made of random particles.
• The particles have no spaces between them.
• The particles are always in motion. The speed of the particles decreases when the temperature increases.
• The particles in a substance are attracted to one another.

Answer 1

• The particles in a substance are attracted to one another.

Question 2

Boiling is which change between states?

Answer 2

Liquid to Gas

Question 3

Which states have a DEFINITE volume?

Answer 3

Solid and Liquid

Question 4

Which substance has a DEFINITE volume but an INDEFINITE shape

Answer 4

Liquid

Question 5

A Caesar salad is an example of what mixture?

Answer 5

Mechanical mixture

Question 6

Define solvent and solute

Answer 6

solvent is what’s doing the dissolving, solute is what’s being dissolved.

Question 7

Using your knowledge of the Particle Model of Matter, which option best explains how the rate of dissolving will be affected by temperature, surface area, and agitation?

• Increased temperature will cause dissolving to happen faster because the water molecules have more energy and are moving faster
• Increased surface area will cause dissolving to happen slower because the water molecules have less material to grab on to
• Increased agitation will cause dissolving to slow down because the water molecules aren’t able to properly tear the solute apart
• None of these explanations properly explain how dissolving will be affected.

Answer 7

Increased temperature will cause dissolving to happen faster because the water molecules have more energy and are moving faster

Question 8

In which scenario would the rate of dissolving be the slowest?

• Sugar cubes placed in warm water, being stirred
• Granulated sugar placed in warm water being stirred
• Granulated sugar placed in hot water being stirred
• Sugar cubes placed in cold water, being stirred.

Answer 8

• Sugar cubes placed in cold water, being stirred.

Question 9

What’s the main difference between homogenous and heterogenous mixtures?

Answer 9

Homogeneous are usually one thing dissolved in another, and heterogeneous can usually be separated or taken apart.

Question 10

What makes some solutes dissolve in water?

Answer 10

The molecules of the water are more attracted to the particles of the solute than the particles of themselves

Question 11

How does Fractional Distillation work?

Answer 11

Oil is heated to different temperatures, with each component of oil boiling off and being separated into different storage tanks.

Question 12

Select the FALSE item in the list:

• Increased temperature will cause gases to flow faster
• Increased temperature will cause liquids to flow faster
• Lower temperatures will increase a liquid’s viscosity
• Lower temperatures will increase the flow rate of a gas.

Answer 12

Increased temperature will cause gases to flow faster

Question 13

Select the fluid with the highest viscosity

• Vinegar
• Olive Oil
• Honey
• Syrup

Answer 13

• Honey

Question 14

What scenario has the fastest flow rate?

Answer 14

Round particles with weak attraction

Question 15

Define density.

Answer 15

The amount of particles in a certain space

Question 16

In general, the states of matter follow which pattern for an increase in density?

Answer 16

Gases → Liquids → Solids

Question 17

What effect would an increase in temperature have on the density of a substance?

Answer 17

It would decrease it

Question 18

How is mass different from weight?

Answer 18

Mass is how much there is, and weight is the force of gravity pulling down

Question 19

Define volume.

Answer 19

How much space something occupies

Question 20

If substance A has a lower density that substance B…

Answer 20

Substance A should float on top of Substance B

Question 21

When the amount of air in a fish’s swim bladder increases, what happens to the fish?

Answer 21

It rises closer to the surface.

Question 22

Which factors or situations would decrease an object’s weight?

Answer 22

Lowering the force of gravity on that object

Question 23

Which two values must be known in order to properly calculate density?

Answer 23

Mass and volume

Question 24

What are the units for density in each state of matter?

Answer 24

In solids, density is measured in g/cm3

In liquids, density is measured g/ml

In gases, density is measured in g/cm3

Question 25

What allows a metal ship to float on liquid water?

Answer 25

The metal’s average density is less than water

Question 26

What is Average Density?

Answer 26

Average density is the total mass of all substances (including the steel the ship is made of and the air the hull is full of) in an object, divided by the total volume.

i.e. Ships can be built of steel (density = 9.0 g/cm3), as long as they have a large, hollow hull so that the ship’s average density is less than that of water (1.0 g/ml or 1.0 g/cm3).

Question 27

What unit is Buoyancy measured in?

Answer 27

Newtons

Question 28

According to Archimedes’ Principle, when two objects with different densities but the same volume are placed in water, the amount of water that they displace will be …

Answer 28

The Same

Question 29

What is Archimedes principle?

Answer 29

The amount of water displaced by an object is the volume of the object.

Question 30

What does SPASM stand for?

Answer 30

Particles of a pure substance are the SAME.

All substances are made up of tiny PARTICLES.

The particles in a substance are ATTRACTED to each other.

The particles have SPACE between them.

The particles of matter are always MOVING.

Or Same, Particles, Attracted, Space, Moving.

Question 31

What is an ADVANTAGE of Average density?

Answer 31

Average density allows objects that would otherwise sink to float. It also allows floating objects to sink.

i.e.
most fish have an organ
called a swim bladder–a large sac
near the spine containing a mix of air and water. The fish releases air to sink and adds air to rise closer to the surface.
The technology used to make submarines imitates this mechanism.