Fresh & Saltwater Systems

Question 1

Describe the distribution of water on earth. List the sources of water that occur from greatest to least quantity.

Answer 1

1. Ice
2. Ground water
3. Surface water

Question 2

What nine water tests can be done to test if the water is potable?

Answer 2

• Turbidity
• Acidity
• Colour
• Smell
• Hardness
• Salinity
• Chlorine amount
• Organisms
• Dissolved Oxygen amt.

Question 3

List and describe three methods to obtain fresh water from salt water.

Answer 3

• Evaporation and condensation; boiling the waters so that the pure water condenses and removes the salt.
• Reverse Osmosis; water moving away from high concentration particles, which includes salt.
• Filtration; remove the salt from the water using multiple thick layers of sand.

Question 4

Hard water contains high concentrations of _____________ and _______________.

Answer 4

calcium, magnesium

Question 5

Describe 2 problems that hard water can cause.

Answer 5

• High sediment levels can create a good home for bacteria, and some sediment can be harmful when ingested.
• High levels of certain metals and sediment can become toxic and unhealthy for the human body to consume

Question 6

The Saskatchewan glacier has been retreating over the past one hundred years.
a) What conditions would cause the glacier to retreat?
b) Describe four landmarks that would be left behind after the glacier retreated.

Answer 6

a) More snow melts than accumulates, high temperatures.

b) Moraines (ridges of glacial till where the glacier used to be, shows path of glacier), U-shaped valleys (carved by slow movement of glaciers), Eskers (Flowing ridges that happen when under-water slows down, shows a glacier experiencing less movement), Drumlins (oval/elongated hills formed underneath the glacier, shows which direction the glacier moved)