mitral stenosis Flashcards
1
Q
mitral stenosis definition
A
- incomplete opening of MV during diastole with thickened mitral leaflets
2
Q
3 layers of MV
A
- fibrosa
- spongiosa
- atrialis
3
Q
what does the fibrosa level provide in MV leaflets
A
- structural support and stiffness when valve is closed
4
Q
what does the spongiosa layer in the MV provide
A
- flexibilty
5
Q
what is the atrialis layer in the MV composed of
A
- endocardium cells which line entire atria
- smooth
6
Q
t/f PML is double the length of the AML
A
false, posterior leaflet is half the length of the AML
7
Q
which way are scallops labelled
A
- lateral to medial
- A1, A2, A3
- P1, P2, P3
8
Q
which leaflet is more susceptible to MAC?
A
posterior
9
Q
what is the chordae tendonae responsible for?
A
- anchoring valve
- maintaining geometry
- peventing prolapse during systole
- 120 little cords
10
Q
rheumatic mv stenosis etiology
A
- starts @ leaflet tips
- result of inflammation followed by scarring
- same process as for rheumatic AS
- leads to fish mouth appearance
11
Q
degenerative MAC etiology
A
- starts @ basal annulus(usually posterior)
- progresses inward to leaflets
12
Q
congenital etiology
A
- involves subvalvular apparatus
- single pap (parachute valve)
- ASDs
13
Q
pathophysiology of MS
A
- LA pressure rise
- increase PV pressure
- increase lung pressure
- increase pulmonary artery pressure
- RV pressure
- increase RA pressure
- TV annular dilation and TR
14
Q
rheumatic MS 2D characteristics
A
- doming of anterior leaflet
- hockey stick
- thickening @ leaflet tips
- shortening of chordae
15
Q
normal MV leaflet thickness
A
1-2mm
